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ارزیابی رشد شهری با رویکرد بومشناسی سیمای سرزمین، مطالعه موردی: شهر قم | ||
فصلنامه علمی پژوهش های بوم شناسی شهری | ||
مقاله 8، دوره 16، شماره 1 (پیاپی 38)، فروردین 1404، صفحه 129-150 اصل مقاله (1.56 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: علمی-پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30473/grup.2024.68172.2791 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
احمد حاتمی* 1؛ سمیه نوروزی گله کلایی2؛ شهرزاد معینی راد1؛ حسین ایرجی1 | ||
1دانشجوی دکتری، گروه جغرافیا و برنامهریزی شهری، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران. | ||
2مربی، گروه معماری و شهرسازی، فنی و حرفهای، تهران، ایران. | ||
چکیده | ||
امروزه رشد و توسعه شهرها آنچنان سریع میباشد که ارزیابی روند گسترش کالبدی شهرها را به یکی از مهمترین موضوعات برنامهریزان شهری تبدیل کرده است. از جمله عوامل تأثیرگذار بر نحوه گسترش کالبدی شهرها، تغییر مکرر کاربری اراضی کشاورزی اطراف شهرها بهدنبال افزایش نرخ رشد جمعیت شهری است. پژوهش حاضر تلاشی در جهت تبیین الگوییهای فضایی شهر قم در 50 سال اخیر است. این پژوهش از نظر ماهیت، کاربردی و از نظر روش، توصیفی - تحلیلی و مبتنی بر دادههای سنجش از دور است. بهگونهای که ابتدا تصاویر سالهای 1972، 1986، 1997، 2008 و 2021 از ماهواره لندست 5 و 8 در سنجندههای MMS و TM و OLI را با استفاده از نرمافزار ENVI و روش طبقهبندی نظارت شده تبدیل به نقشههای کاربری اراضی در چهار کلاس شهری، کشاورزی، کوه و آب گردید. برای تحلیل سیمای سرزمین، از طریق نرمافزار Fragastas اقدام به استخراج متریکهای فضایی (PALAN-PD-NP-LSI-LPI-AWMFD-ENN-MN) شد و با استفاده از مدل آنتروپی شانون، الگوی رشد کالبدی شهر قم در 50 سال اخیر حاصل گردید. نتایج نشان داد که علت اصلی رشد فیزیکی شهر قم، رشد جمعیت بر اثر عامل مهاجرت بوده که در دورههای متفاوت الگوهای متفاوتی داشته است. بدین ترتیب شهر قم در حد فاصل سالهای 50 تا 65 رشد فیزیکی چشمگیری داشته است. این در حالی است که طی سالهای 65 تا 85 نیز با وجود افزایش جمعیت شهری اما رشد فیزیکی شهر همانند دوره قبلی شتابان نبوده و بیشتر در فضاهای خالی موجود و ارتفاعی بوده است. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
رشد شهری؛ بومشناسی؛ سیمای سرزمین؛ شهر قم | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Evaluation of Urban Growth with the Approach of Landscape Ecology, Case Study: Qom City | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
Ahmad hatami1؛ Somaye Norozi2؛ Sharzad Moinei rad1؛ Hossein Iraji1 | ||
1Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. | ||
2Instructor, Department of Architecture and Urban Planning, Skill National University, Tehran, Iran. | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
The growth and development of cities is so fast that the evaluation of the physical development process of cities has become one of the most important issues for urban planners. Among the influencing factors on the physical expansion of cities, the frequent change of agricultural land use around cities is due to the increase in urban population. The current research aims to explain the patterns of the space of Qom city in the last 50 years. This research is practical in nature and descriptive-analytical in terms of method and based on remote sensing data. In such a way that first the images of 1972, 1986, 1997, 2008 and 2021 from Landsat 5 and 8 satellites are converted into organic land use maps in four classes using ENVI software and urban monitoring classification methods in M agricultural and TM VOLI sensors. And it melted. In order to analyze the appearance of the land, through the Fragasta software, spatial metrics were extracted (PALAN-PD-NP-LSI-LPI-AWMFD-ENN-MN) and by using Shannon's entropy model, the growth pattern of Qom city in 50 It was last year. Was obtained. The results showed that the main reason for the growth of Qom city was population growth due to migration, which was different in different periods. In this way, the city of Qom has had a significant natural growth between 1950 and 1965. This is despite the fact that in the years 1965 to 1985, with the increase in the urban population, the growth of the city was not accelerated during the period, and it was mostly in the existing empty space and the previous height. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Urban Growth, Ecology, Land Scape, Qom City | ||
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