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بررسی میزان خطرپذیری زبان مازندرانی بر اساس الگوهای یونسکو | ||
| فصلنامه علمی - پژوهشی زبان‌شناسی اجتماعی | ||
| مقاله 6، دوره 7، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 28، دی 1403، صفحه 87-107 اصل مقاله (693.03 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30473/il.2024.70105.1628 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| نگین عینی* 1؛ احمد رضایی2؛ حسن بشیرنژاد3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری جامعه شناسی، دانشگاه مازندران، مازندران، ایران. | ||
| 2دانشیار جامعه شناسی، دانشگاه مازندران، مازندران، ایران. | ||
| 3استادیار زبان شناسی، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، تهران، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| زبان مازندرانی(گونه‌ی مورد استفاده در استان مازندران )،یکی از زبان‌های کهن ایرانی است،که از گذشته‌های بسیار دور،زبان بومیان ساکن بخشی از مناطق شمالی ایران،بوده است.این زبان،در سال‌های اخیر،به دلیل تحولات اجتماعی،فرهنگی،اقتصادی و سیاسی،دچار دگرگونی‌های بی‌شمار و کاهش تعداد گویشوران شده است،به طوری‌که اکنون به نظر می‌رسد،گذار زبانی به فارسی،نه تنها در بافت خانواده‌های مازندرانی،بلکه در کاربرد زبان در ادارات، کوچه و خیابان،و..نیز اتفاق افتاده است.هدف از انجام این پژوهش،بررسی جایگاه زبان مازندرانی،از منظر خطرپذیری،بر اساس معیارهای نه‌گانه یونسکو است.بررسی داده‌ها نشان می‌دهد،براساس معیار انتقال بین نسلی زبان،زبان مازندرانی،در سطح 3،یا قطعا در معرض خطر،معیارهای تعداد مطلق گویشوران،نسبت گویشوران در کل جمعیت و حوزه‌های کاربرد زبان،در سطح 2،یا شدیدا در معرض خطر قرار دارد.همچنین،از منظر معیار کاربرد در رسانه و حوزه‌های جدید،معیار آموزش زبان و سوادآموزی و معیار مقدار و کیفیت مستندات،مازندرانی،در پایین‌ترین سطح(درجه صفر)جای گرفته است.بررسی معیار نگرش‌ها و سیاست‌های زبانی دولتی،نشان می‌دهد که مازندرانی،در سطح 3،یا قطعا در معرض خطر قرار دارد.معیار نگرش اعضای جامعه نسبت به زبان مادری،سطح یک و پایین را نشان می‌دهد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| زبان مازندرانی؛ خطرپذیری زبان؛ الگوهای یونسکو؛ نگرش زبانی؛ کاربرد زبان؛ میزان خطرپذیری زبان | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| An Investigation into the Endangerment of Mazandarani based on UNESCO Model | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Negin Eini1؛ ahmad rezaei2؛ hassan bashirnezhad3 | ||
| 1Ph.D. Candidate of Sociology, University of Mazandaran, Mazandaran, Iran. | ||
| 2Associate Professor in Sociology, University of Mazandaran, Mazandaran, Iran. | ||
| 3Assistant Professor in Linguistics, University of Farhangiyan, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Mazandarani language(The variety used in Mazandaran province)is one of the ancient Iranian languages,which has been the language of the natives,living in the northern regions of Iran,since distant past.In recent years,as a result of social,cultural,economic and political developments,this language has undergone countless transformations,changes and its number of speakers has decreased,So that,now,it seems that,language transition to Farsi,has happened not only,in the context of Mazandarani families,but also,in the use of the language in offices,alleys and streets, etc.The purpose of this research,is to,investigate the status of Mazandarani language,and its level of endangerment,based on the nine indexes of UNESCO.Analysis of data,shows that,based on,the pattern of intergenerational language transmission,Mazandarani language,is at level 3(definitely endangered),based on,the patterns of the absolute number of speakers,the proportion of speakers in the total population and the trends in existing language domains,at level 2(strongly endangered).Also from the point of view of the pattern of response to new domains and media,the pattern of materials for language education and literacy and the pattern of amount and quality of Mazandarani documentation,it is at the lowest level(ziro grade).Examining the pattern of governmental language attitudes and policies,shows that,Mazandarani,is at level 3(definitely endangered).The attitude of the language community members toward their mother tongue,shows that,Mazandarani,is at the lowest level | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Mazandarani language, language vulnerability, UNESCO models, language attitude, language use, The level of language risk | ||
| مراجع | ||
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