نقش سرزندگی راهنمایان گردشگری در ایجاد رضایت شغلی با نقش تعدیلگر محیط راهنمایی

Alrawadieh, Z., Cetin, G., & Dincer F.I., G. (2019). The impact of emotional dissonance on quality of work life and life satisfaction of tour guides. Service Industries Journal, 40(4), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1080/02642069.2019.1590554

Anđelković, Ž., Dragin, A., Božić, S., & Košić, K. (2017). Emotional exhaustion and job satisfaction of tour guides in rural areas. Economics of Agriculture, 64(1), 11-26. https://doi.org/10.5937/ekoPolj1701011A.

Ap, J., & Wong, K. K. (2001). Case study on tour guiding: Professionalism, issues and problems. Tourism Management, 22(5), 551-563. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(01)00013-9

Babaei Y., & Fani M., (2022), The Effect of Green Human Resource Management on Environmental Citizenship Behavior and Environmentally-Friendly Behaviors of Hotel Staff, Journal of Tourism Management Studies, 16(56), 211-249. (In Persian) https://doi.org/10.22054/tms.2021.50812.2286

Banerjee, S., & Chua, A. Y. (2020). How alluring is the online profile of tour guides? Annals of Tourism Research, 81, 102887. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2020.102887.

Barnett, L. A. (2007). The nature of playfulness in young adults. Personality and Individual Differences, 43(4), 949-958. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2007.02.018.

Bozionelos, N., & Bozionelos, G. (1999). Playfulness: Its relationship with instrumental and expressive traits. Personality and Individual Differences, 26(4), 749-760. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(98)00207-4

Buitendach, J. H., & De Witte, H. (2005). Job insecurity, extrinsic and intrinsic job satisfaction and affective organisational commitment of maintenance workers in a parastatal. South African Journal of Business Management, 36(2), 27-37. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v36i2.625

Cheng, J.-C., & O-Yang, Y. (2018). Hotel employee job crafting, burnout, and satisfaction: The moderating role of perceived organizational support. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 72, 78–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2018.01.005

Cheng, T. M., Chen, M. T., & Wu, C. H. (2020). Tour conductor playfulness: Conceptualizing and scale development. Journal of Travel Research, 60(1), 197-207. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287519888284

Cheng, T.-M., Chen, T.-Y., & Chang, S.-F. (2023). Effect of guide playfulness on the authenticity perception and place attachment of tourists: A cross-level analysis of indigenous tourism of Tsou in Taiwan. Tourism Management Perspectives, 48, 101170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2023.101170

Cheraghian, H., Heidari, N., Aria, N., & Amraie, A. (2016). The relationship of creativity and stress coping strategies with playfulness in university students. Journal of Psychological Science, 12(3), 39-58. (In Persian) https://doi.org/10.22051/jontoe.2016.2545

Ebrahimpour H., Babaei Y., & Sokhandan E., (2017), Examining the Role of Social Capital on the Participation of Host Communities in the Sustainable Tourism Development with the Mediator Role of Tourism Effects (Case Study: Sareyn), Journal of Tourism Planning and Development, 22(6), 118-143. (In Persian) https://doi.org/10.22080/jtpd.2017.1712

Fang, C. H., Fang, C. L., Chao, R. F., & Lin, S. P. (2019). Paternalistic leadership and employees’ sustained work behavior: A perspective of playfulness. Sustainability, 11(23), 6650. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11236650

Ferdowsi, S., & Babaei, Y. (2024). Requirements of tourists’ satisfaction from urban facilities and services, case study: Shahrud City. Urban Ecological Research, 14(4), 15-32. (In Persian) https://doi.org/10.30473/grup.2023.35635.1983

Ferdowsi, S., Aghandeh, M. A., & Babaei, Y. (2020). Analytical study on risks and hazards of tourism destinations: Case study of Bandar Anzali. Journal of Urban Ecology Researches, 10(2), 13-26. (In Persian) https://doi.org/10.30473/grup.2020.7075

Fu, T., Li, S., Xu, J., Liu, M., & Chen, G. (2023). Examining tour guide humor as a driver of tourists' positive word of mouth: A comprehensive mediation model. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 35(5), 1824-1843. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-05-2022-0587

Glaveli, N., Grigoroudis, E., & Manolitzas, P. (2019). Practical application of MSQ and MUSA methodology in determining critical job satisfaction factors of seasonal employees in summer destination luxury resorts. Tourism Management, 74, 426-437.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2019.04.020

Glynn, M. A., & Webster, J. (1992). The adult playfulness scale: An initial assessment. Psychological Reports, 71(1), 83-103. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1992.71.1.83

Guitard, P., Ferland, F., & Dutil, E. (2005). Toward a better understanding of playfulness in adults. OTJR: Occupation, Participation and Health, 25(1), 9-22. https://doi.org/10.1177/153944920502500103

Hansen, A. H., & Mossberg, L. (2016). Tour guides’ performance and tourists’ immersion: facilitating consumer immersion by performing a guide plus role. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 17(3), 259–278. https://doi.org/10.1080/15022250.2016.1162347

Hooman, H. A. (2005). Structural equation modeling using LISREL software. Samat Publications.

Hurren, B. L. (2006). The effects of principals’ humor on teachers’ job satisfaction. Educational Studies, 32(4), 373-385. https://doi.org/10.1080/03055690600850421

Judge, T. A., & Kammeyer-Mueller, J. D. (2012). Job attitudes. Annual Review of Psychology, 63, 341-367. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-120710-100511

Karoubi, M., Babaei, Y., Sheikhhasani, N., & Aghande, M. (2020). Study of the relationship between tourism industry and improving the quality of life of the host society (Case study: Sarein City). Journal of Urban Tourism, 14(4), 63-88. (In Persian) https://doi.org/10.22055/qjsd.2020.27156.1789.

Kazemian G., Ziaee M., Yavari GoharF., & Babaei Y., (2022), Presenting a model of tourism complementary development with a hybrid approach, Journal of Tourism Planning and Development, 11(40), 103-132. (In Persian) https://doi.org/10.22080/JTPD.2022.21272.3524

Li, H., Chen, G., Liu, M., Xu, J., Cao, J., & Yang, J. (2022). How does tour guide humor influence tourist citizenship behavior? Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 50, 108-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2022.01.005

Lillo-Bañuls, A., Casado-Díaz, J. M., & Simón, H. (2018). Examining the determinants of job satisfaction among tourism workers. Tourism Economics, 24(8), 980-997. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354816618785541.

Lin, L. H., Ho, Y. L., Lee, T. Y., & Lin, W. H. E. (2019). Gender, playfulness, and creativity: A perspective of human resource development. International Journal of Happiness and Development, 5(4), 328-341. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJHD.2019.104379

Mancini, M. (2001). Conducting tours (3rd ed.). Delmar Thomson Learning.

Mandić, A., Petrić, L., & Pivčević, S. (2025). Harmonizing sustainability and resilience in post-crisis cultural tourism: Stakeholder insights from the Split metropolitan area living lab. Tourism Management Perspectives, 55, 101331. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2025.101331

Maxwell, S., Reed, G., Saker, J., & Story, V. (2005). The two faces of playfulness: A new tool to select potentially successful sales reps. Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 25(3), 215-229. https://doi.org/10.1080/08853134.2005.10749060

Mododi Arkhudi, M., & Naghiloo, H. (2023). Explaining effective factors on tourism demand in Zanjan City. Urban Ecological Research, 14(3), 165-184. (In Persian) https://doi.org/10.30473/grup.2020.45070.2313

Pekdemir, I. M., Yeke, S., & Yaşlıoğlu, M. (2018). An investigation of attitudes of employees from different age groups (Generations) towards fun at work, experienced fun at workplace, job satisfaction, and turnover intention. Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 18(4), 213-230. https://doi.org/10.18037/ausbd.552716

Pizam, A. (2004). Are hospitality employees equipped to hide their feelings? International Journal of Hospitality Management, 23(4), 315-316. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2004.09.001

Plester, B., & Hutchison, A. (2016). Fun times: The relationship between fun and workplace engagement. Employee Relations, 38(3), 332-350. https://doi.org/10.1108/ER-03-2014-0027

Proyer, R. T. (2017). A new structural model for the study of adult playfulness: Assessment and exploration of an understudied individual differences variable. Personality and Individual Differences, 108, 113-122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.12.011

Proyer, R. T., & Brauer, K. (2018). Exploring adult playfulness: Examining the accuracy of personality judgments at zero-acquaintance and an LIWC analysis of textual information. Journal of Research in Personality, 73, 12-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2017.10.002

Proyer, R. T., & Jehle, N. (2013). The basic components of adult playfulness and their relation with personality: The hierarchical factor structure of seventeen instruments. Personality and Individual Differences, 55(7), 811-816. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.paid.2013.07.010

Proyer, R. T., & Ruch, W. (2011). The virtuousness of adult playfulness: The relation of playfulness with strengths of character. Psychology of Well-Being: Theory, Research and Practice, 1(1), 4. https://doi.org/10.1186/2211-1522-1-4

Qian, X. L., & Yarnal, C. (2011). The role of playfulness in the leisure stress-coping process among emerging adults: An SEM analysis. Leisure/Loisir, 35(2), 191-209. https://doi.org/10.1080/14927713.2011.578398

Rahimiaghdam S., Faryabi M., & Haqverdizadeh A., (2019), Communication Skills of International Tour Leaders, Journal of International Business Administration, 2(6), 163-183. (In Persian). https://doi.org/10.22034/jiba.2019.9580

Rahimiaghdam, S., Senobar N., & Haqverdizadeh A., (2020). Identifying the ethical competencies of international tour guides, Ethics in Science and Technology, 15(3), 58-64. (In Persian) http://doi.org/20.1001.1.22517634.1399.15.3.9.9

Robbins, S.P. (2005) Essentials of Organizational Behavior. 8th Edition, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River.

Rutledge, E. (2022). The tour guide role in the United Arab Emirates: Emiratisation, satisfaction and retention. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 23(4), 610-623. https://doi.org/10.1177/14673584221122488

Sandaruwani, J. R. C., & Gnanapala, W. A. C. (2016). The role of tourist guides and their impacts on sustainable tourism development: A critique on Sri Lanka. Tourism, Leisure and Global Change, 3, 62-73.

Schaefer, C., & Greenberg, R. (1997). Measurement of playfulness: A neglected therapist variable. International Journal of Play Therapy, 6(2), 21-31. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0089406

Van Vleet, M., & Feeney, B. C. (2015). Play behavior and playfulness in adulthood. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 9(11), 630-643. https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12205

Wang, S., Tian, Q., Chen, X., Zhang, Q., Deng, F., & Arif, M. (2024). Study of the evolving relationship between tourism development and cultural heritage landmarks in the eight Chengyang scenic villages in China. Ecological Indicators, 167, 112702. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2024.112702

Wang, T.-L., Tran P.T.K., & Vinh T., (2017). Destination perceived quality, tourist satisfaction and word-of-mouth. Tourism Review, 72(3), 392-410. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-06-2017-0103

Yang, S.-H., & Choi, J.-W. (2023). A study on the impact positive psychological capital of tour guides on job satisfaction and organizational commitment, Institute of Management and Economy Research, 14(2), 167-185. https://doi.org/10.32599/apjb.14.2.202306.167

Yeboah, R., & Ashie, D. (2024). Promotion of local food as tourism product in the Cape Coast Metropolis: An explorative research. Heliyon, 10, e40950. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e40950

Yetgin, D., & Benligiray, S. (2019). The effect of economic anxiety and occupational burnout levels of tour guides on their occupational commitment. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 24(4), 333-347. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2018.1564681

Yu, P., Wu, J. J., Chen, I. H., & Lin, Y. T. (2007). Is playfulness a benefit to work? Empirical evidence of professionals in Taiwan. International Journal of Technology Management, 39(3-4), 412-429. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJTM.2007.013503

Zhou, F., Wang, N., & Wu, Y. J. (2019). Does university playfulness climate matter? A testing of the mediation model of emotional labour. Innovations in Education and Teaching International, 56(2), 239-250. https://doi.org/10.1080/14703297.2018.1453854

Ziaee, M., & Farmani, L. (2011). European tourists’ evaluation of Iranian tour guides’ performance. Journal of Tourism Studies, 6(15), 29-52. (In Persian) https://doi.org/10.22054/tms.2011.5083