رابطه بین صفات شخصیت و فابینگ با توجه به نقش میانجی اعتیاد به اینترنت و دلزدگی تحصیلی در دانشجویان نسل Z

Abed, M., Kadivar, P., & Khalatbari, J. (2023). Validation of students' academic boredom questionnaire. Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ), 11(12), 67-74.[http: //frooyesh.ir/article-1-4056-en.html (in persian)

Abi Doumit, C., Malaeb, D., Akel, M., Salameh, P., Obeid, S., & Hallit, S. (2023). Association between Personality Traits and Phubbing: The Co-Moderating Roles of Boredom and Loneliness. Healthcare (Basel), 11(6).[PMC10048773]. https: //doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11060915

Afdal, A., Alizamar, A., Ifdil, I., Ardi, Z., Sukmawati, I., Zikra, Z., Ilyas, A., Fikri, M., Syahputra, Y., & Hariyani, H. (2019). An Analysis of Phubbing Behaviour: Preliminary research from counseling perspective Proceedings of the International Conference on Educational Sciences and Teacher Profession (ICETeP 2018),   https: //doi.org/10.2991/icetep-18.2019.65.

Agu, S. A., & Aneke, A. B. (2024). Self-Control and Personality Characteristics as Predictors of Social Media Addiction among University Students. 27(3), 58-74.[

Ahmadian, H., & Rostami, C. (2016). Study of tendency of psychology students to addiction based on personality characteristics (neo). SJNMP 2(2).[https: //doi.org/10.29252/sjnmp.2.2.22 (in persian)

Al-Saggaf, Y., MacCulloch, R., & Wiener, K. (2019). Trait Boredom Is a Predictor of Phubbing Frequency. Journal of Technology in Behavioral Science, 4.[https: //doi.org/10.1007/s41347-018-0080-4

Alavi , S. S., Jannatifard, F., Eslami, M., & Rezapour, H. (2011). Survey on validity and reliability of diagnostic questionnaire of internet addiction disorder in students users. Zahedan J Res Med Sci, 13(7), 34-38.[https: //brieflands.com/articles/zjrms-93820 (In Persian)

Alizadeh, Z., Feizi, A., Rejali, M., Afshar, H., Keshteli, A. H., & Adibi, P. (2018). The Predictive Value of Personality Traits for Psychological Problems (Stress, Anxiety and Depression): Results from a Large Population Based Study. J Epidemiol Glob Health, 8(3-4), 124-133.[PMC7377556]. https: //doi.org/10.2991/j.jegh.2017.11.003

Atashrouz, B., Pakdaman, S., & Asgari, A. (2008). The relationship between the big five personality traits and academic achievement. Journal of Developmental Psychology Iranian Psychologists, 16(4), 367-376.[http: //sanad.iau.ir/fa/Article/1055059 (in persian)

Barbed-Castrejón, N., Navaridas-Nalda, F., Mason, O., & Ortuño-Sierra, J. (2024). Prevalence of phubbing behaviour in school and university students in Spain. Front Psychol, 15, 1396863.[PMC11166009]. https: //doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1396863

Capilla Garrido, E., Issa, T., Gutiérrez Esteban, P., & Cubo Delgado, S. (2021). A descriptive literature review of phubbing behaviors. Heliyon, 7(5), e07037.[PMC8144009]. https: //doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07037

Chotpitayasunondh, V., & Douglas, K. M. (2018). Measuring phone snubbing behavior: Development and validation of the Generic Scale of Phubbing (GSP) and the Generic Scale of Being Phubbed (GSBP). Computers in Human Behavior, 88, 5-17.[https: //doi.org/https: //doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.06.020

Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1992). Revised NEO personality inventory And NEO five factor inventory. Lutz, Florida: Psychological Assessment Resource, Inc. https: //www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Revised-NEO-Personality-Inventory-(NEO-PI-R)-and-Costa-Mccrae/c743ed852f6187bf87e57c7ab336f614d37b2713

Ergün, N., Özkan, Z., & Griffiths, M. D. (2025). Social Media Addiction and Poor Mental Health: Examining the Mediating Roles of Internet Addiction and Phubbing. Psychological Reports, 332941231166609.[PMC36972903]. https: //doi.org/10.1177/00332941231166609

Erzen, E., Odaci, H., & Yeniçeri, İ. (2021). Phubbing: Which Personality Traits Are Prone to Phubbing? Social Science Computer Review, 39(1), 56-69.[https: //doi.org/10.1177/0894439319847415

Fatchurahman, M., Setiawan, M. A., & Karyanti, K. (2023). Intervention group logotherapy and performance measures for reducing phubbing in Generation Z. Estudos de Psicologia, 40.[https: //doi.org/10.1590/1982-0275202340e200244

Fernández-Andújar, M., Alonso, M. O., Sorribes, E., Villalba, V., & Calderon, C. (2022). Internet Addiction, Phubbing, Psychological Variables and Self-Perception of Mathematical Competence in College Students. Mathematics, 10(15), 2631.[https: //www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/10/15/2631

Gao, B., Liu, Y., Shen, Q., Fu, C., Li, W., & Li, X. (2023). Why Cannot I Stop Phubbing? Boredom Proneness and Phubbing: A Multiple Mediation Model. Psychol Res Behav Manag, 16, 3727-3738.[PMC10497055]. https: //doi.org/10.2147/prbm.S423371

Garcia, M. A., Lerma, M., Perez, M. G., Medina, K. S., Rodriguez-Crespo, A., & Cooper, T. V. (2024). Psychosocial and personality trait associates of phubbing and being phubbed in hispanic emerging adult college students. Current Psychology, 43(6), 5601-5614.[https: //doi.org/10.1007/s12144-023-04767-y

Ghasemi, v. (2012). Estimation of optimal sample size in structural equation models and evaluation of its adequacy for social researchers. Iranian Journal of Sociology, 12(1), 138-161.[https: //doi.org/20.1001.1.17351901.1390.12.4.5.7 (In Persian)

Gijwani, D., Batra, M., Jindal, A., Vishnupratap, D. R., & Kaur, P. (2024). Assessment of Phubbing, Smart Phone Addiction and Related Psychological Variables among Dental Undergraduates: A Multicentric Study. Indian Journal of Dental Research, 35(1), 13-17.[38934742]. https: //doi.org/10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_565_23

Guerra Ayala, M. J., Alegre de la Rosa, O. M., Chambi Catacora, M. A. d. P., Vargas Onofre, E., Cari Checa, E., & Díaz Flores, D. (2025). Nomophobia, phubbing, and deficient sleep patterns in college students [Original Research]. Frontiers in Education, Volume 9 - 2024.[https: //doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2024.1421162

Hassan Esfahani, M., Khanjani, M., & Bazram, A. (2021). The factor Structure and psychometric properties of Generic Scale of Phubbing (GSP). Quarterly of Educational Measurement, 12(46), 7-26.[https: //doi.org/10.22054/jem.2022.64299.3313 (In Persian)

Holzer, B. M., Ramuz, O., Minder, C. E., & Zimmerli, L. (2022). Motivation and personality factors of Generation Z high school students aspiring to study human medicine. BMC Medical Education, 22(1), 31.[https: //doi.org/10.1186/s12909-021-03099-4

Hosseinpour, E., Asgari, A., & Ayati, M. (2016). The Relationship between Internet and Cell-Phone Addictions and Academic Burnout in University Students. Information and Communication Technology in Educational Sciences, 24(6), 59-73.[http: //sanad.iau.ir/fa/Article/1006393

Hussain, A. (2024). And You Think You Know Gen Z: Real Stories and Practical Tips for Parents, Educators, Marketers, & Employer (1 ed.). Notion Press Media Pvt. Limited. https: //books.google.com/books?id=zgvy0AEACAAJ

Ivanova, A., Gorbaniuk, O., Błachnio, A., Przepiórka, A., Mraka, N., Polishchuk, V., & Gorbaniuk, J. (2020). Mobile Phone Addiction, Phubbing, and Depression Among Men and Women: A Moderated Mediation Analysis. Psychiatr Q, 91(3), 655-668.[PMC7395043]. https: //doi.org/10.1007/s11126-020-09723-8

Jeevan, R., Jiss, J., Ashish, J., & Amal, A. (2025). Boredom Proneness and Big Five Personality Traits Among Emerging Adults. International Journal of Indian Psychology, 13(2), 4098-4104.[https: //doi.org/10.25215/1302.362

Jojo, C. E., & Sundaramoorthy, J. (2022). Personality traits associated with Internet addiction among college students in South India. Cogent Education, 9(1), 2142455.[https: //doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2022.2142455

Karadağ, E., Tosuntaş, Ş. B., Erzen, E., Duru, P., Bostan, N., Şahin, B. M., Çulha, İ., & Babadağ, B. (2015). Determinants of phubbing, which is the sum of many virtual addictions: A structural equation model. Journal of behavioral addictions, 4(2), 60-74.[PMC4500886]. https: //doi.org/10.1556/2006.4.2015.005

Kardefelt-Winther, D. (2014). A conceptual and methodological critique of internet addiction research: Towards a model of compensatory internet use. Computers in Human Behavior, 31, 351-354.[https: //doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2013.10.059

Khanneh, H., Taimeh, Z., Anas, S., Bawadi, Y., Al-Abcha, T., Qaswal, A. B., & Bani Mustafa, R. (2024). Personality traits & their relation to academic burnout and satisfaction with medicine as a career in Jordanian medical students. Discover Psychology, 4(1), 161.[https: //doi.org/10.1007/s44202-024-00263-x

Kline , R. B. (2016). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (4 ed.). Guilford press, New York & London.

Kobicheva, A., Tokareva, E., & Baranova, T. (2024). How does students’ level of phubbing relate to academic engagement and performance variables? European Journal of Psychology of Education, 40(1), 10.[https: //doi.org/10.1007/s10212-024-00905-7

Koc, T., & Caliskan, K. (2023). Phubbing phenomenon in educational environments: examining the impact of supervisor phubbing on student outcomes. Journal of Further and Higher Education, 47(1), 15-30.[https: //doi.org/10.1080/0309877X.2022.2088270

Lai, X., Hu, C., Ying, L., Xu, H., Zhao, C., Yang, X., Yu, X., & Zhang, G. (2023). Risk and Protective Factors Associated With Smartphone Addiction and Phubbing Behavior Among College Students in China. Psychol Rep, 126(5), 2172-2190.[PMC35412349]. https: //doi.org/10.1177/00332941221084905

Lücke, A. J., Schilling, O. K., Kunzmann, U., Gerstorf, D., Katzorreck-Gierden, M., Hoppmann, C. A., Luong, G., Wagner, G. G., Riediger, M., & Wrzus, C. (2024). Neuroticism, emotional stress reactivity and recovery in daily life: Examining extraversion and openness as moderators. Journal of Research in Personality, 109, 104474.[https: //doi.org/https: //doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2024.104474

Lv, H., Ye, W., Chen, S., Zhang, H., & Wang, R. (2022). The Effect of Mother Phubbing on Young Children’s Emotional and Behavioral Problems: A Moderated Mediation Model of Mother–Child Attachment and Parenting Stress. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 19(24), 16911.[PMC9779429]. https: //doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416911

Mallinckrodt, B., Abraham, W., Wei, M., & Russell, D. (2006). Advances in Testing the Statistical Significance of Mediation Effects. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 53(3), 372-378.[https: //doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.53.3.372

Mason, M. C., Zamparo, G., Marini, A., & Ameen, N. (2022). Glued to your phone? Generation Z's smartphone addiction and online compulsive buying. Computers in Human Behavior, 136, 107404.[https: //doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2022.107404

Medina Gamero, A., & Regalado Chamorro, M. (2021). [Phubbing: The other face of COVID-19]. Semergen, 47(6), 426.[PMC8162816]. https: //doi.org/10.1016/j.semerg.2021.05.001 (Phubbing: el otro rostro de la COVID-19.)

Meyers, L. S., Gamest.G, & Goarin, A. J. (2006). Applied multivariate research, design and interpretation. Sage publication, Thousand oaks. London. New Deihi. https: //study.sagepub.com/meyers3e

MohammadiPour, M., Ashrafifard, S., & Mohammadipour, S. (2023). Relationship Between Metacognitive Beliefs and Body Image Concerns in Primary Dysmenorrhea Intensity: The Mediating Role of Pain Self-Efficacy in Iranian Students [Research Article]. Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci, 17(3), e131474.[https: //doi.org/10.5812/ijpbs-131474

Nanda, G., & Prihatsanti, U. (2023). Phubbing in Workplace: The Effect to Employees’ Work Engagement Proceedings of International Conference on Psychological Studies (ICPsyche), 4,, Semarang, Indonesia.  https: //doi.org/10.58959/icpsyche.v4i1.48.

Naz, A., Khan, H. U., Alesawi, S., Abouola, O. I., Daud, A., & Ramzan, M. (2024). AI Knows You: Deep Learning Model for Prediction of Extroversion Personality Trait. IEEE Access, 12, 159152-159175.[https: //doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3486578

Nguyen, T. N. D., Tran, H. Y., Nguyen, G. H. M., Nguyen, Y. K., & Dinh, H. T. M. (2025). Narcissism, Social Media Addiction, Self-Esteem, and Haxeco Traits: Exploring Influences on Life Satisfaction Among Generation Z. Psychol Res Behav Manag, 18, 419-434.[PMC11873018]. https: //doi.org/10.2147/prbm.S447067

Nikel, Ł., Kolańska-Stronka, M., & Krasa, P. (2024). Personality traits, internet addiction, and phubbing among teens: a mediation analysis. Behaviour & Information Technology, 44(3), 463-476.[https: //doi.org/10.1080/0144929X.2024.2323096

Nnamani, S. E., Ndu, A., & Obi, T. C. (2025). Personality Traits and Loneliness as Predictors of Internet Addiction among University Undergraduates. Caritas Journal of Psychology and Behaviourial Sciences, 3(1).[

Parus, M., Adu, A., & Keraf, M. (2021). Phubbing Behavior and Quality of Friendship in Faculty of Public Health, Nusa Cendana University. Journal of Health and Behavioral Science, 3, 13-23.[https: //doi.org/10.35508/jhbs.v3i1.3031

Rachman, A., Rusandi, M. A., & Andri Setiawan, M. (2020). Effect of Phubbing Behavior on Student Academic Procrastination. PSIKOPEDAGOGIA Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling, 8.[https: //doi.org/10.12928/psikopedagogia.v8i1.17895

Rachubińska, K., Cybulska, A., Szkup, M., & Grochans, E. (2021). Analysis of the relationship between personality traits and Internet addiction. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci, 25(6), 2591-2599.[PMID: 33829445]. https: //doi.org/10.26355/eurrev_202103_25422

Rehman, S. u., Rehman, N., & Shehwar, D. (2024). Impact of Social Media on Phubbing Behavior and Incivility: An Empirical Study. Social Sciences Spectrum, 3, 7-16.[https: //doi.org/10.71085/sss.03.04.160

Sadeghi Bimorgh, M., Akbarzadeh, F., Moharreri, F., Akbari, A., Porghafar, H., & Ebrahimi, A. (2023). The relationship between the internet addiction and cell phone addiction with academic burnout in medical students of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Journal of Fundamentals of Mental Health, 25(1), 3-9.[https: //doi.org/10.22038/jfmh.2023.21618

Şahin, S., Demirhan, İ., Arıöz, A., & Ünsal, A. (2024). Assessment Of The Relationship Between Phubbing And Personality Types Among University Students. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 33(1), 115-128.[https: //doi.org/10.35379/cusosbil.1394592

Sert, H., Üngören, Y., Pelin, M., & Horzum, M. B. (2023). Relationship between chronotypes, personality traits, and phubbing levels in university students. Biological Rhythm Research, 54(3), 322-333.[https: //doi.org/10.1080/09291016.2023.2169653

Sevari, K., & Beshlideh, K. (2010). The relationship between personality characteristics and academic burnout of secondary school students in Ahvaz. Psychological Achievements, 17(1), 89-102.[https: //psychac.scu.ac.ir/article_11673_5c9a0888be37d37b04d589b1916a89ba.pdf

Sharp, J. G., Zhu, X., Matos, M., & Sharp, J. C. (2021). The Academic Boredom Survey Instrument (ABSI): a measure of trait, state and other characteristic attributes for the exploratory study of student engagement. Journal of Further and Higher Education, 45(9), 1253-1280.[https: //doi.org/10.1080/0309877X.2021.1947998

Sulea, C., van Beek, I., Sarbescu, P., Virga, D., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2015). Engagement, boredom, and burnout among students: Basic need satisfaction matters more than personality traits. Learning and Individual Differences, 42, 132-138.[https: //doi.org/https: //doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2015.08.018

Thomas, T. T., Carnelley, K. B., & Hart, C. M. (2022). Phubbing in romantic relationships and retaliation: A daily diary study. Computers in Human Behavior, 137, 107398.[https: //doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2022.107398

Tian, Y., Zhao, Y., Lv, F., Qin, N., & Chen, P. (2021). Associations Among the Big Five Personality Traits, Maladaptive Cognitions, and Internet Addiction Across Three Time Measurements in 3 Months During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Psychol, 12, 654825.[PMC8172586]. https: //doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.654825

Toyama, M., & Hayashi, Y. (2022). Links of personality traits to media multitasking: Conscientiousness predicts mobile phone use in the college classroom. Current Psychology, 41(12), 8660-8667.[https: //doi.org/10.1007/s12144-020-01258-2

Treviño Benavides, T. B., Alcorta Castro, A. T., Garza Marichalar, S. A., Peña Cisneros, M., & Baker Suárez, E. C. (2023). Understanding Generation Z and Social Media Addiction. SpringerBriefs in Business, in: Social Media Addiction in Generation Z Consumers. https: //link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-031-33452-8

Vanden Abeele, M. M. P., Antheunis, M. L., & Schouten, A. P. (2016). The effect of mobile messaging during a conversation on impression formation and interaction quality. Computers in Human Behavior, 62, 562-569.[https: //doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.04.005

Wahyuni, S., Agustina, H., & Munthe, R. A. (2023). The Relationship between Personality and Academic Burnout: Exploring the Influence of Psychological Well-Being and Demographic Factors. International Journal of Islamic Educational Psychology, 4(2), 169-189.[https: //doi.org/10.18196/ijiep.v4i2.18687

Weston, R., & Gore, P. (2006). A Brief Guide to Structural Equation Modeling. The Counseling Psychologist, 34, 719-751.[https: //doi.org/10.1177/0011000006286345

Wu, X., Zhang, W., Li, Y., Zheng, L., Liu, J., Jiang, Y., & Peng, Y. (2024). The influence of big five personality traits on anxiety: The chain mediating effect of general self-efficacy and academic burnout. PLoS One, 19(1), e0295118.[https: //doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0295118

Yusoff, M. S. B., Hadie, S. N. H., & Yasin, M. A. M. (2021). The roles of emotional intelligence, neuroticism, and academic stress on the relationship between psychological distress and burnout in medical students. BMC Med Educ, 21(1), 293.[PMC8140426]. https: //doi.org/10.1186/s12909-021-02733-5