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تحلیل موانع اجرای راهبردهای ملی زیستمحیطی (موردمطالعه: قانون هوای پاک) | ||
| فصلنامه علمی آموزش محیط زیست و توسعه پایدار | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 14، شماره 2، دی 1404، صفحه 75-97 اصل مقاله (847.87 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30473/ee.2025.70694.2715 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| حسین اصلی پور1؛ پگاه نوشیروان بابلی* 2؛ الهام یعقوبی3 | ||
| 1دانشیار، گروه مدیریت دولتی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی تهران، ایران | ||
| 2کارشناس ارشد مدیریت دولتی گرایش خط مشی گذار ی عمومی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 3دانشجو ی دکترا رشته مدیریت دولتی گرایش تصمیم گیری و خط مشی گذاری عمومی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| برای خطمشیگذاری یا سیاستگذاری عمومی میتوان سطوح مختلفی در نظر گرفت. سطح راهبردی سیاستگذاری درواقع فصل مشترک موضوع سیاستگذاری عمومی و مدیریت استراتژیک محسوب میشود. خطمشیگذاری عمومی در رویکرد فرآیند آن دارای مراحل کلی تدوین، اجرا و ارزیابی است. مرحله اجرا نسبت به سایر مراحل کمتر موردتوجه قرارگرفته است. خطمشیها زیستمحیطی یکی از موضوعات مهم سطح راهبردی در کشورهای گوناگون محسوب میشود چراکه اثرات گستردهای بر آحاد شهروندان داشته و بهصورت مستقیم و طی یک بازه زمانی بلندمدت سلامت آنان را تحت تأثیر قرار میدهد. یکی از آشکارترین مسائل زیستمحیطی کشور مسئله آلودگی هوا است که در این سالهای اخیر اثرات منفی زیادی را به دنبال داشته است. قوانینی جهت رفع و کاهش آلودگی هوا تدوینشده است اما بهطور کامل اجرایی نشدهاند. پژوهش حاضر تحلیل چرایی و اولویتبندی موانع اجرایی قانون هوای پاک بهعنوان یکی از مهمترین راهبردهای زیستمحیطی را از طریق بهکارگیری رویکرد ترکیبی (ابتدا تحلیل مضمون و سپس تکنیک دیمتل) را دنبال میکند. تحلیل مضمون از طریق مصاحبه با مدیران و خبرگان زیستمحیطی کشور و نهایتاً کدگذاری دادهها منجر به شکلگیری 5 مضمون فراگیر (موانع مربوط به مجریان و مدیران، محیطی، ساختاری، سختافزاری و زیرساختی و نقص در ماهیت قانون) شده است. سپس برای سطحبندی موانع اجرای قانون هوای پاک با کمک مضامین سازماندهنده پرسشنامه مقایسه زوجی تشکیلشده است. نهایتاً موانع اجرای قانون هوای پاک در دو سطح بالا (موانع اثرگذار) و پایین (موانع اثرپذیر) سطحبندی شدهاند. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| خطمشی؛ اجرای خطمشی؛ خطمشی راهبردی؛ قانون هوای پاک؛ آلودگی هوا | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Analysis of Obstacles to the Implementation of National Environmental Strategies (Case Study: Clean Air Policy) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Hossein Aslipour1؛ Pegah Nooshiravan Baboli2؛ Elham Yaghoobi3 | ||
| 1Associate Professor, Faculty of Public Administration, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Master of Public Policy, Faculty of Public Administration, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 3Ph.D. Condidate in Decision Making and Public Policy, Faculty of Public Administration, Allameh Tabataba’I University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Different levels can be considered for public policy making. The strategic level of policy-making is considered to be the intersection of public policy and strategic management. Public policy in its process approach has general stages of formulation, implementation and evaluation. The implementation phase has received less attention than other phases. Environmental policies are considered to be one of the important issues of strategic level in various countries because they have wide-ranging effects on individual citizens and affect their health directly and over a long period of time. One of the most obvious environmental issues in the country is air pollution, which has had many negative effects in recent years. Laws have been formulated to eliminate and reduce air pollution, but they have not been fully implemented. The current research follows the why analysis and prioritization of the implementation obstacles of the clean air law as one of the most important environmental strategies through the use of a combined approach (first thematic analysis and then Dimtel technique). Theme analysis through interviews with environmental managers and experts of the country and finally data coding has led to the formation of 5 overarching themes (obstacles related to executives and managers, environmental, structural, hardware and infrastructure and defects in the nature of the law). Then, in order to level the obstacles to the implementation of the clean air policy, with the help of organizing themes, a paired comparison questionnaire has been formed. Finally, the obstacles to the implementation of the clean air policy are classified into two levels: high (effective obstacles) and low (effective obstacles). | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Policy, Implementing Policy, Strategic Policy, Clean Air Policy, Air Pollution | ||
| مراجع | ||
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