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واکاوی امکان اعتراض به آراء قطعی خلاف شرع بیّن و تفاوت آن با آراء قطعی خلاف بیّن شرع | ||
| دوفصلنامه علمی دانش حقوق مدنی | ||
| دوره 14، پاییز و زمستان 1404 (پیاپی 28)، اسفند 1404، صفحه 99-114 اصل مقاله (1.94 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: علمی- پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30473/clk.2025.75378.3406 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محسن حسینی پناه1؛ سارا ادیبی سده* 2؛ بهروز مجدزاده خاندانی2 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری، گروه حقوق خصوصی، واحد بینالملل قشم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قشم، ایران. | ||
| 2استادیار گروه حقوق، واحد بندرعباس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بندرعباس، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در حال حاضر در نظام حقوقی ایران، ماده 477 قانون آیین دادرسی کیفری مصوب 1392 در روند رسیدگی قضایی، به عنوان روش فوقالعاده اعتراض به آراء صادره خلاف شرع بیّن در نظر گرفته شده است و جزو اختیارات ویژه مقامات عالیرتبه قضایی جهت نظارت بر آراء مراجع قضایی و تطبیق آراء صادره با احکام شرعی است. با این حال آنچه اساساً محل تأمل است، آن است که قانونگذار در مقرره مذکور با تقدم کلمه شرع برکلمه بیّن، عبارت «خلاف بیّن شرع» را به «خلاف شرع بیّن» تغییر داده است. برخی از حقوقدانان معتقدند ظاهراً بین این دو عبارت تفاوتی نباید باشد، اما به نظر میرسد اینگونه نیست؛ چراکه وضع هر قانونی فلسفهای دارد و در این خصوص نیز تفاوت وجود دارد که قانونگذار اقدام به تغییر و جابهجایی عبارت خلاف شرع بیّن کرده است. از همینرو مقاله حاضر با روش توصیفی و تحلیلی به دنبال بررسی دقیقتر موضوع مذکور بوده است. نگارنده به این نتیجه دست یافته است که برخلاف حکم ماده ١٨ سابق در زمینه تشخیص خلاف بیّن شرع بودن حکم صادره، در ماده 477 عبارت در صورت خلاف شرع بیّن بودن، به این منظور نوشته شده که کسی نتواند با نظر رئیس قوه قضاییه در امر خلاف شرع بودن محاجّه کند. توضیح اینکه خلاف بیّن شرع بودن نیاز به استدلال دارد که امری «خلاف بیّن شرع» است. درحالیکه «خلاف شرع بیّن» نیاز به استدلال ندارد، بلکه نیاز به اظهارنظر فقهی دارد و فتاوای فقهی استدلالپذیر نیستند، بلکه تشخیص فقیه است از احکام مبنا و لذا به نظر میرسد ذکر این عبارت در متن ماده با توجه و دقت صورت گرفته است. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| خلاف بیّن شرع؛ خلاف شرع بیّن؛ ماده 477؛ ماده 18 | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Analyzing Possibility of Appealing Final Judgments Explicitiy Contrary to Sharia (Khilaf-e Bayyen-e Shar‘) and Its Distinction from Final Judgments Contrary to Explicit Sharia (Khilaf-e Shar‘-e Bayyen) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| MOHSEN HOSSEINIPANAH1؛ sara adibi sedeh2؛ Behroz Majdzadeh khandani2 | ||
| 1Ph.D. Student, Department of Private Law, Qeshm Branch, Islamic Azad University, Iran. | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, Department of Private Law, Bandar Abbas Branch, Islamic Azad University, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Currently, in the Iranian legal system Article 477 of the Criminal Procedure Code of 1392 is considered an extraordinary method of protesting against decisions issued that are clearly contrary to Islamic law in the judicial process and is part of the special powers of high-ranking judicial authorities to monitor the decisions of judicial authorities and to comply with Islamic law. However, what is fundamentally a matter of reflection is that the legislator has changed the phrase "contrary to Islamic law" to "contrary to Islamic law" in the aforementioned regulation, giving precedence to the word "Islam" over the word "Islamic law" Some jurists believe that there should be no difference between these two phrases; but it seems that this is not the case; because the establishment of every law has a philosophy, and in this regard, there is also a difference that the legislator has changed and relocated the phrase "Islamic law". Therefore, the present article has sought to examine the aforementioned issue more closely using a descriptive and analytical method. The author has come to the conclusion that, contrary to the previous provision of Article 18 regarding the determination of whether a ruling is clearly contrary to Sharia, the phrase “in the event of being clearly contrary to Sharia” in Article 477 is written with the purpose of preventing anyone from arguing with the opinion of the head of the judiciary regarding the matter of being clearly contrary to Sharia. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Article 477, Article 18, Clear Contrary to Sharia | ||
| مراجع | ||
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Alizadeh Tabatabaei, Seyed Mahmoud. (2015). "The Necessity of Revising Article 477 of the Criminal Procedure Code", Shargh Newspaper, Monday, August 3, 2015, No. 2362, Front Page. Retrieved from Magiran https://www.magiran.com/article/3201975 (in Persian). Jabbari, Mostafa. (2008). "Fatwa or Law? A Look at Article 167 of the Constitution", Journal of Law, Faculty of Law and Political Science, 38(3), pp. 127-137 (in Persian). Jafari Langroudi, Mohammad Jafar. (2008). Legal Terminology. 19th Edition. Tehran: Ganj-e Danesh Publications (in Persian). Jamali Sarabi, Mojtaba. (2018). Resumption of Trial with the Approval of the Chief of Study of the restoration of special proceedings based on the legal powers of the Chief of the Judiciary and its legal evolution in the Iranian judicial system Judiciary. Master's Thesis in Private Law, Razi University (in Persian). Hajipour, Nosratollah. (2004). The Compliance of Laws with Sharia in Iran’s Legislative System. 1st Edition. Tehran: Islamic Revolution Documents Center (in Persian). Hassanzadeh, Jahanbakhsh. (2018). Study of the restoration of special proceedings based on the legal powers of the Chief of the Judiciary and its legal evolution in the Iranian judicial system. PhD thesis in Jurisprudence and Private Law. Kharazmi University (in Persian). Heydari, Leila. (2016). Retrial (extraordinary methods) for criminal verdicts with a comparative perspective. Master's thesis in Criminal Law and Criminology, Islamic Azad University. Central Tehran Branch (in Persian). Zeraat, Abbas. (2004). Civil Procedure Code in the Iranian Legal System. First Edition. Tehran: Third Edition Publications (in Persian). Saffari, Alireza. (2019). The legitimacy of retrial and its conflict with the necessity of ending hostilities, Jurisprudential-legal study of Article 477 of the Code of Criminal Procedure. Master's thesis. Imam Khomeini International University (in Persian). Soori Laki, Sajjad. (2017). Legal Basis of Retrial in Accordance with Article 477 of the Criminal Procedure Code of 2013. Master's Thesis in Criminal Law and Criminology, Islamic Azad University. Shahr-e-Quds Branch (in Persian). Kia, Seyyed Hossam al-Din. (2016). The role and position of the head of the judiciary in reviewing and overturning decisions. Master's thesis in private law, Semnan University (in Persian). Mahmoudi, Javad. (n.d.). "Legal Challenges of Article 170 of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran", Davar Law Journal, Vol. *, No. * (in Persian). Malmir, Mahmoud. (2005). Restoration of Extraordinary Proceedings. Monthly No. 54 (in Persian). Moradi, Farhad. (2017). Extraordinary Appeal of Civil Judgments. Bi-Quarterly Journal of Private Law Research, Adalat, Year 4, Issue 8 (in Persian). Hashemi Nik, Pouran. (2017). Resumption of legal proceedings in legal cases in the Supreme Court according to Article 477 of the Criminal Procedure Code approved in 2013. Master's thesis in Private Law, Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas Branch (in Persian). Nouri Nayiri, Hokamali. (2016). Legal Challenges of the Recognition of Sharia Interpretation by the Chief of the Judiciary in Reconsidering the Decisions of Law Courts. Master's Thesis. Islamic Azad University, Germi Branch (in Persian). | ||
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