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ارزیابی عملکرد حرارتی جدارههای خارجی ساختمانهای مسکونی در اقلیم سرد و ارائه مدل بهینه مبتنی بر شرایط محیطی (موردمطالعه: شهر بناب) | ||
| برنامه ریزی توسعه کالبدی | ||
| دوره 13، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 41، خرداد 1405، صفحه 67-80 اصل مقاله (1.1 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30473/psp.2026.78043.2816 | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| عطاءاله زرفشان* | ||
| استادیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| با توجه به رشد سریع شهرنشینی و چالشهای مصرف انرژی در ساختمانها، بهینهسازی عملکرد حرارتی پوسته ساختمانها به ضرورتی اجتنابناپذیر تبدیل شده است. این پژوهش با هدف خوانش و بهینهسازی عملکرد حرارتی جدارههای خارجی در اقلیم سرد و کوهستانی، شهر بناب در استان آذربایجان شرقی را به عنوان مطالعه موردی در نظر گرفته است. در ایران، حدود 40 درصد از مصرف انرژی نهایی در بخش ساختمانها صرف میشود که سهم قابل توجهی از آن مربوط به سرمایش و گرمایش فضاهای زندگی است. در این تحقیق، با استفاده از ترکیب دادههای میدانی و شبیهسازیهای کامپیوتری در نرمافزار Design Builder، عملکرد حرارتی چندین نمونه ساختمان مسکونی در شهر بناب مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. تمامی بخشهای دیوارهای خارجی با مصالح مختلف شامل بلوک سفال، بلوک لیکا، بلوک AAC و همچنین نسبتهای مختلف نما به دیوار در محدوده 15-45 درصد تحلیل شدند. یافتهها نشان داد که ترکیب بلوک AAC با عایق حرارتی پلیاستایرن اکسترود شده (XPS) به عنوان بهترین مصالح برای دیوارهای خارجی در این اقلیم شناسایی شد که منجر به کاهش 42 درصدی مصرف انرژی در مقایسه با دیوارهای سفالی استاندارد میشود. همچنین محدوده پیشنهادی برای ضریب نورگیری در بناب 25-35 درصد است که ضمن کمینهسازی مصرف انرژی، دسترسی کافی به نور طبیعی را نیز تضمین میکند. این پژوهش با تأکید بر زمینههای محلی و استفاده از دادههای میدانی، راهکارهای عملی و کاربردی را برای معماران، مهندسان و سیاستگذاران در زمینه طراحی ساختمانهای انرژیکارآمد در مناطق سرد و کوهستانی ارائه میدهد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| عملکرد حرارتی؛ دیوارهای خارجی؛ ساختمانهای مسکونی؛ شبیهسازی انرژی؛ بناب؛ اقلیم سرد و کوهستانی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluating the Thermal Performance of Exterior Walls in Residential Buildings within Cold Climates and Proposing an Environmentally Optimized Model (Case Study: Bonab) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| ataollah zarafshan | ||
| Assistant Prof, Department of Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Introduction Amid accelerating urbanization and escalating energy demands in the built environment, enhancing the thermal efficiency of building envelopes has become imperative, particularly in climatically challenging regions. Methodology This study investigates and optimizes the thermal behavior of external walls in residential buildings within the cold, mountainous context of Bonab, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. The building sector accounts for nearly 40% of Iran’s final energy consumption, with a substantial portion attributed to heating and cooling loads. To address this, a hybrid methodology integrating on-site measurements and dynamic energy simulations - conducted using DesignBuilder - was employed to evaluate various wall assemblies and façade configurations across representative residential structures in Bonab. Results The analysis encompassed multiple wall constructions, including clay brick, lightweight expanded clay aggregate (Leca), and autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC), combined with extruded polystyrene (XPS) insulation, alongside window-to-wall ratios (WWR) varying between 15% and 45%. Results demonstrate that an AAC–XPS composite wall system delivers optimal thermal performance, achieving a 42% reduction in annual energy consumption relative to conventional clay block walls. Furthermore, a daylight factor between 25% and 35% is identified as the ideal WWR range for Bonab, balancing energy efficiency with sufficient natural illumination. By leveraging localized climatic data and empirical validation. Discussion and Conclusion This research provides evidence-based, scalable recommendations for architects, building engineers, and urban planners seeking to advance energy-resilient design strategies in cold, highland climates. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Thermal performance, External walls, Residential buildings, Energy simulation, Bonab, Cold and mountainous climate | ||
| مراجع | ||
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