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مقایسه اثربخشی آموزش محیط‌زیست با استفاده از آموزش رسمی و غیررسمی در دانش‌آموزان پایه ششم ابتدایی

فصلنامه علمی ـ پژوهشی آموزش محیط زیست و توسعه پایدار
مقاله 4، دوره 5، شماره 2، زمستان 1395، صفحه 49-58  XML اصل مقاله (735 K)
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
الهام اسماعیلی علویجه 1 ؛ لعبت زبردست2 ؛ محمدجواد امیری2 ؛ اسماعیل صالحی3
1دانشکده محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه تهران
2استادیار دانشکده محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه تهران
3دانشیار دانشکده محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه تهران
چکیده
هدف از این پژوهش، مقایسه اثربخشی ­آموزش محیط‌زیست در دانش‌آموزان پایه ششم ابتدایی بود. برای اجرای این پژوهش، از آموزش رسمی و غیررسمی استفاده شد. روش تحقیق نیمه ­تجربی بوده که جامعه آماری را کلیه دانش‌آموزان دختر پایه ششم ابتدایی شهر کرج تشکیل داده‌اند. از میان مناطق ۱۲ گانه شهر کرج، منطقه ۵ و دبستان دخترانه نگین البرز انتخاب گردید. ابزار گردآوری داده­ها یک پرسشنامه محقق ساخته دارای دو بخش با هدف میزان نگرش و عملکرد به همراه سه آزمون بود. مقدار آلفای کرونباخ ۸۵/۰ به دست آمد. دانش­آموزان به صورت تصادفی در دو گروه رسمی و غیررسمی تقسیم شدند. در دو گروه، آزمونی قبل از آموزش، اجرا شد. سپس از تلفیق دو روش سخنرانی و پرسش و پاسخ در آموزش رسمی استفاده گردید. در گروه غیررسمی، یادگیری توسط دانش­آموزان صورت گرفت، درنهایت برای هر دو گروه بعد از آموزش و ۲ ماه بعدازآن، آزمونی برگزار شد. به منظور تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها از روش‌های آمار توصیفی و آمار استنباطی استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد، سطح ­معنا­داری t محاسبه‌شده، قبل از آموزش در دو گروه رسمی و غیررسمی از ۵/۰ بیشتر است (۵/۰P>) و تفاوت معنا­داری وجود ندارد. سطح معنا­داری t محاسبه‌شده، بعد از آموزش و ۲ ماه بعد از آموزش در دو گروه رسمی و غیررسمی از ۵/۰ کمتر است (05/0>P) و تفاوت معنا­داری وجود دارد؛ بنابراین آموزش محیط‌زیست به شیوه رسمی و غیررسمی در دانش­آموزان پایه ششم ابتدایی دبستان دخترانه نگین البرز شهر کرج اثربخش بوده، اما آموزش غیررسمی محیط‌زیست، اثربخشی بیشتری از آموزش رسمی محیط‌زیست، نشان داده است.
کلیدواژگان
اثربخشی؛ آموزش محیط‌زیست؛ آموزش رسمی؛ آموزش غیررسمی؛ سخنرانی؛ پرسش و پاسخ
عنوان مقاله [English]
Comparing the Effectiveness of Formal and Informal Environmental Education in Sixth Grade Students
چکیده [English]
The aim of this study was to compare environmental education effectiveness in sixth grade students. For this purpose, both formal and informal forms of education were applied. Research method was quasi-experimental method. Statistical population was all sixth grade female students in Karaj, so 5th district was chosen randomly among 12 districts of Karaj, and then Negin Alborz Girls Elementary School was chosen. Data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire with two sections namely; attitude and performance with three tests. The value of 0/85 was obtained for Cronbach’s alpha. The students were divided randomly into formal and informal groups. A test was conducted in both informal and formal groups, before education. Then a combination of lecture and Q & A methods were used in formal education while in informal group, the learning was performed by student. Finally 2 months later, a test was performed for both groups after education. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. The results showed that significant level t calculated, before education in both informal and formal groups ismore than 0/05 (p>0/05) and there is no significant difference. The significant level t calculated, after education and 2 months after education in both formal and informal groups is less than 0/05 (p
کلیدواژگان [English]
Effectiveness, Environmental Education, Formal Education, Informal Education, Lecture, Question& Answer
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