Explanation of psychological problems and coping behaviors among women with multiple sclerosis: A qualitative study | ||
| روانشناسی سلامت | ||
| Volume 9, Issue 35, December 2020, Pages 7-24 PDF (903.94 K) | ||
| Document Type: Scientific Research | ||
| DOI: 10.30473/hpj.2020.51779.4738 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Marzieh Hajibabaei1; MohammadBagher Kajbaf* 2; Maryam Esmaeili3; Mohammad Hossein Harirchian4; Ali Montazeri5 | ||
| 1Ph.D Student in Psychology, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran. | ||
| 2Professor in Psychology, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran. | ||
| 3Assistant Professor in Psychology, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran. | ||
| 4Professor in neurology, Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 5Professor in Research, Population Health Research Group, Health Metrics Research Center, Iranian Institute for Health Sciences Research, ACECR, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Objective: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most prevalent neurologic disabling disease in young ages accompanied by psychological side effects. Recently prevalence of MS has been rising in Iran. The aim of the present study was to explanation of psychological problems and coping behaviors among women with multiple sclerosis. Method: This was a qualitative study. In all 15 women with MS participated in study. Patients were selected in a convenience sampling method. Semi-structured interview was used for data collection. The data were collected until saturation achieved. After coding, the data was analyzed through conventional content analysis. Findings: In general, five themes emerged from analysis as psychological problems. These were poor life skills, inadequate (avoidant) coping strategies, depression and emotional- cognitive distortions, relationship problems and fear of solitude including emotional dysregulation, marital, family and social relationships, cultural beliefs and MS stigmatization. In addition, extra five themes emerged as coping behaviors. These were, spiritual-religious coping, acquiring moral values, confidence on god strength and belief in eternal life, search of meaning and being purposeful, active (problem-focused) coping strategies. Conclusion: The findings suggest that to overcome problems among women with MS, developing a comprehensive caring intervention and coping strategies are needed insuring that they include active (problem-focused), and spiritual-religious coping strategies. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Psychological Problems; Coping Behaviors; Multiple Sclerosis; Women | ||
| References | ||
|
آقایی، م.؛ گزل، ص.؛ زینالی، م؛ احمدی، ن.؛ میرزایی، ش. (۱۳۹۵). اثربخشی مهارت حل مسئله بر کیفیت زندگی و عزتنفس بیماران مبتلا به اماس. فصلنامه ایدههای نوین روانشناسی، 1(۱)، 29-38. ایمان، م. ت.؛ نوشادی، م. ر. (1390) تحلیل محتوای کیفی. پژوهش، 3(2)، 14-44. پیری کامرانی، م.؛ دهقان، ف.؛ بشیری، ح. (1394). تأثیر آموزش مهارتهای مدیریت استرس بر استرس ادراکشده و تابآوری زنان مبتلا به بیماری مولتیپل اسکلروزیس. مجله سلامت و مراقبت، 17(4)، 320-328. تقیزاده، م. ا.؛ میرعلائی، م. ا. (1392). مطالعه اثربخشی معنویتدرمانی گروهی بر تابآوری زنان مبتلا به مالتیپل اسکلروزیس شهر اصفهان. فصلنامه علمی- پژوهشی روانشناسی سلامت،2(7)، 82-102. خفتان غلامی جم، ف؛ عرشی م.؛ وامقی ر.؛ خانکه ح. م.؛ فتحی م. (1396). تبیین مشکلات فردی زنان مبتلا به مولتیپل اسکلروزیس: یک مطالعه کیفی. مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جیرفت، 3(1)، 47-54. رنجبر، ه.؛ حقدوست ع. ا.؛ صلصالی، م.؛ خوشدل، ع.؛ سلیمانی، م. ع.؛ بهرامی، ن. (1391). نمونهگیری در پژوهشهای کیفی: راهنمایی برای شروع. مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ارتش جمهوری اسلامی ایران،10(3)، 238-250.سادات، س. ج.؛ علی محمدی، ن.؛ و علمداری، ع. ک. (1390). بررسی پدیدارشناسانه روابط خانوادگی و اجتماعی بیماران مبتلا به مولتیپل اسکلروزیس. مجله علوم پزشکی مازندران،21(1)، 244-252. طلعت حسنی، ب.؛ مسعود، آ. (1390) انسان سالم و ویژگیهای آن از دیدگاه ویکتور فرانکل. روانشناسی و دین، 2(14). عبدخدایی، ز.؛ شهیدی، ش.؛ مظاهری، م. ع.؛ پناغی، ل.؛ نجاتی، و. (1395). روابط خانوادگی در بیماران مبتلا به مولتیپل اسکلروزیس: یک مطالعه پدیدارشناختی. فصلنامه خانواده پژوهی، 1۲(47)، ۴۳۷. عبدخدایی، ز.؛ شهیدی، ش.؛ مظاهری، م. ع.؛ پناغی، ل.؛ نجاتی و. (1396). راهکارهای روانشناختی رویارویی با بیماری در مبتلایان به مولتیپل اسکلروزیس MS بررسی پدیدارشناسانه. فصلنامه علمی- پژوهشی روانشناسی سلامت، 24(6)، 7-30. علیپور، ا.؛ هاشمی نصرتآباد، ت.؛ باباپورخیرالدین، ج.؛ طوسی، ف. (1389). رابطه بین راهبردهای مقابلهای و شادکامی دانشجویان. پژوهشهای نوین روانشناختی (روانشناسی دانشگاه تبریز)، 5(18). غفاری، س.؛ احمدی، ف.؛ نبوی، س. م.؛ معماریان، ر.؛ کاظم نژاد، ا. (۱۳۸6). تأثیر تکنیک آرامسازی پیشرونده عضلانی بر فعالیتهای روزمره زندگی در بیماران مبتلا به مولتیپلاسکلروزیس. مجله توانبخشی. 8(۲): ۷۳-۸۰ کردی، م.؛ بنائی هروان، م.س.؛ ا.صغریپور، ن.؛ مظلوم، س. ر.؛ اخلاقی، ف. (۱۳۹۵). بررسی ارتباط رفتارهای خودمراقبتی و راهبردهای مقابلهای در زنان مبتلا به دیابت بارداری. مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مازندران، ۲۶(۱۳۹)،۱۹۰-۲۰۲. منافی، س. ف.؛ دهشیری، غ. (1396). ترس از پیشرفت بیماری در بیماران مبتلا به سرطان و مولتیپل اسکلروزیس و رابطه آن با مشکلات عاطفی. فصلنامه علمی- پژوهشی روانشناسی سلامت، 6(22)، 115-130. Abdollahi, A., Panahipour, H., Allen, K. A., & Hosseinian, S. (2019). Effects of Death Anxiety on Perceived Stress in Individuals With Multiple Sclerosis and the Role of Self-Transcendence. OMEGA-Journal of Death and Dying, 0030222819880714.
Aikens, J. E., Fischer, J. S., Namey, M., & Rudick, R. A. (1997). A replicated prospective investigation of life stress, coping, and depressive symptoMS in multiple sclerosis. Journal of behavioral medicine, 20(5), 433-445.
Alastair, J. Cunningham (2005). Integrating Spirituality Into a Group Psychological Therapy Program for Cancer Patients published by: SAGE4; 178.
Azami, M., YektaKooshali, M. H., Shohani, M., Khorshidi, A., & Mahmudi, L. (2019). Epidemiology of multiple sclerosis in Iran: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PloS one, 14(4).
Borreani, C., Bianchi, E., Pietrolongo, E., Rossi, I., Cilia, S., Giuntoli, M., ... & Grasso, M. G. (2014). Unmet needs of people with severe multiple sclerosis and their carers: qualitative findings for a home-based intervention. PloS one, 9(10).
Broersma, F., Oeseburg, B., Dijkstra, J., & Wynia, K. (2018). The impact of self-perceived limitations, stigma and sense of coherence on quality of life in multiple sclerosis patients: results of a cross-sectional study. Clinical rehabilitation, 32(4), 536-545.
Brown, K. W., & Ryan, R. M. (2003). The benefits of being present: mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being. Journal of personality and social psychology, 84(4), 822.
Büssing, A., Wirth, A.-G., Humbroich, K., Gerbershagen, K., Schimrigk, S., Haupts, M.,... Heusser, P. (2013). Faith as a resource in patients with multiple sclerosis is associated with a positive interpretation of illness and experience of gratitude/awe. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2013.
Cadden, M. H., Arnett, P. A., Tyry, T. M., & Cook, J. E. (2018). Judgment hurts: The psychological consequences of experiencing stigma in multiple sclerosis. Social Science & Medicine, 208, 158-164.
Chalah, M. A., & Ayache, S. S. (2017). Psychiatric event in multiple sclerosis: could it be the tip of the iceberg? Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry, 39(4), 365-368.
Costa, D. T., Silva, D. M. R. D., Cavalcanti, I. D. L., Gomes, E. T., Vasconcelos, J. L. D. A., & Carvalho, M. V. G. D. (2019). Religious/spiritual coping and level of hope in patients with cancer in chemotherapy. Revista brasileira de enfermagem, 72(3), 640-645.
Cunningham, A. J. (2005). Integrating spirituality into a group psychological therapy program for cancer patients. Integrative Cancer Therapies, 4(2), 178-186.
Eskandarieh, S., Allahabadi, N. S., Sadeghi, M., & Sahraian, M. A. (2018). Increasing prevalence of familial recurrence of multiple sclerosis in Iran: a population based study of Tehran registry 1999–2015. BMC neurology, 18(1), 15.
Fischer, P., Amy, L., Nilüfer, A., Dieter Frey, S. Haslam, A. (2010). The Relationship Between Religious Identity and Preferred Coping Strategies: An Examination of the Relative Importance of Interpersonal and Intrapersonal Coping Muslim and Christian Faiths. Review of General Psychology, 14(4), 365-381.
Frankl, V. E. (1984). Man's Search for Meaning, New York: Touchstone: Simon & Schuster.
Ghafoori, F., Dehghan Nayeri, N., Khakbazan, Z., Hedayatnejad, M., & Nabavi, S. M. (2020). Pregnancy and Motherhood Concerns Surrounding Women with Multiple Sclerosis: A Qualitative Content Analysis. International Journal of Community Based Nursing & Midwifery, 8(1), 2-11.
Goretti, B., Portaccio, E., Zipoli, V., Hakiki, B., Siracusa, G., Sorbi, S., & Amato, M. P. (2010). Impact of cognitive impairment on coping strategies in multiple sclerosis. Clinical neurology and neurosurgery, 112(2), 127-130.
Hesse-Biber, S. N., & Leavy, P. (2010). Handbook of emergent methods: Guilford Press.
Heydarpour, P., Mohammad, K., Yekaninejad, M. S., Elhami, S.-R., Khoshkish, S., & Sahraian, M. A. (2014). Multiple sclerosis in Tehran, Iran: a joinpoint trend analysis. Multiple Sclerosis Journal, 20(4), 512.
Kalantari, S., Karbakhsh, M., Kamiab, Z., Kalantari, Z., & Sahraian, M. A. (2018). Perceived Social Stigma in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Study from Iran. Acta neurologica Taiwanica, 27(1), 1-8.
Koffman, J., Goddard, C., Gao, W., Jackson, D., Shaw, P., Burman, R., ... & Silber, E. (2015). Exploring meanings of illness causation among those severely affected by multiple sclerosis: a comparative qualitative study of Black Caribbean and White British people. BMC palliative care, 14(1), 13.
Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. Springer publishing company.
Leray, E., Moreau, T., Fromont, A., & Edan, G. (2016). Epidemiology of multiple sclerosis. Revue neurologique, 172(1), 3-13.
Lode, K., Bru, E., Klevan, G., Myhr, K. M., Nyland, H., & Larsen, J. P. (2010). Coping with multiple sclerosis: a 5‐year follow‐up study. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, 122(5), 336-342.
Mardanshahi, M. M. (2015). The role of life skills training on happiness and entrepreneurship characteristics of incoming students in Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University students. International journal of agriculture and crop sciences, 8(3), 406.
Marrie, R. A., Reingold, S., Cohen, J., Stuve, O., Trojano, M., Sorensen, P. S., ... & Reider, N. (2015). The incidence and prevalence of psychiatric disorders in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review. Multiple Sclerosis Journal, 21(3), 305-317.
McCabe, M. P., & McKern, S. (2002). Quality of life and multiple sclerosis: Comparison between people with multiple sclerosis and people from the general population. Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings, 9(4), 287-295.
McCabe, M. P., McKern, S., & McDonald, E. (2004). Coping and psychological adjustment among people with multiple sclerosis. Journal of psychosomatic research, 56(3), 355-361.
Mohebi, F., Eskandarieh, S., Mansournia, M. A., Mohajer, B., & Sahraian, M. A. (2019). Multiple Sclerosis in Tehran: Rising Prevalence alongside Stabilizing Incidence--True Increase or Enhanced Diagnosis?. Archives of Iranian Medicine (AIM), 22(8).
Moreau, T., Fromont, A., & Edan, G. (2016). Epidemiology of multiple sclerosis. Revue neurologique, 172(1), 3-13.
Pakenham, K. I. (2006). Investigation of the coping antecedents to positive outcomes and distress in multiple sclerosis (MS). Psychology and health, 21(5), 633-649.
Patten, S. B., Beck, C. A., Williams, J. V., Barbui, C., & Metz, L. M. (2003). Major depression in multiple sclerosis: a population-based perspective. Neurology, 61(11), 1524-1527.
Pérez-Miralles, F., Prefasi, D., García-Merino, A., Ara, J. R., Izquierdo, G., Meca-Lallana, V., ... & Fernández, Ó. (2019). Perception of stigma in patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis Journal–Experimental, Translational and Clinical, 5(2), 2055217319852717.
Pfleger, C. C., Flachs, E. M., & Koch‐Henriksen, N. (2010). Social conse‐ quences of multiple sclerosis. Part 2. Divorce and separation: A his‐ torical prospective cohort study. Mult Scler, 16(7), 878–882.
Pompili, M., Forte, A., Palermo, M., Stefani, H., Lamis, D. A., Serafini, G.,... Girardi, P. (2012). Suicide risk in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review of current literature. Journal of psychosomatic research, 73(6), 411-417.
Rahnama, P., Javidan, A., Saberi, H., Montazeri, A., Tavakkoli, S., Pakpour, A., & Hajiaghababaei, M. (2015). Does religious coping and spirituality have a moderating role on depression and anxiety in patients with spinal cord injury? A study from Iran. Spinal Cord, 53(12), 870.
Shah A. (2009). Fatigue in multiple sclerosis. Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America,20(2), 363–372.
Steger, M. F., Frazier, P., Oishi, S., & Kaler, M. (2006). The meaning in life questionnaire: Assessing the presence of and search for meaning in life. Journal of counseling psychology, 53(1), 80.
Stuifbergen, A. K., Blozis, S. A., Harrison, T. C., & Becker, H. A. (2006). Exercise, functional limitations, and quality of life: A longitudinal study of persons with multiple sclerosis. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 87(7), 935-943.
Turner, A. P., WilliaMS, R. M., Bowen, J. D., Kivlahan, D. R., & Haselkorn, J. K. (2006). Suicidal ideation in multiple sclerosis. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 87(8), 1073-1078.
Van Kessel, K., Moss-Morris, R., Willoughby, E., Chalder, T., Johnson, M. H., & Robinson, E. (2008). A randomized controlled trial of cognitive behavior therapy for multiple sclerosis fatigue. Psychosomatic Medicine, 70(2), 205-213.
Wallin, M. T., Culpepper, W. J., Nichols, E., Bhutta, Z. A., Gebrehiwot, T. T., Hay, S. I., ... & Mokdad, A. H. (2019). Global, regional, and national burden of multiple sclerosis 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. The Lancet Neurology, 18(3), 269-285.
Young, L., Healey, K., Charlton, M., Schmid, K., Zabad, R., & Wester, R. (2015). A home-based comprehensive care model in patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A study pre-protocol. F1000Research, 4. | ||
|
Statistics Article View: 1,662 PDF Download: 1,291 |
||