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بررسی رابطه‌ی بین استمرار و تنوع جغرافیایی صادرات با تنوع نوآوری، مطالعه‌ی موردی: شرکت‌های کوچک و متوسط استان آذربایجان غربی | ||
| فصلنامه علمی پژوهش های اقتصاد صنعتی | ||
| دوره 7، شماره 23، خرداد 1402، صفحه 37-58 اصل مقاله (1.76 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: کاربردی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30473/jier.2023.68367.1398 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| خدیجه حسن زاده1؛ کیومرث شهبازی* 2؛ محمد موحدی3؛ اولیویر گوسانس4 | ||
| 1دکتری اقتصاد، گروه اقتصاد، دانشکده اقتصاد و مدیریت، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران. | ||
| 2استاد اقتصاد، گروه اقتصاد، گروه اقتصاد، دانشکده اقتصاد و مدیریت، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران. | ||
| 3محقق، مرکز تحقیقات در اقتصاد و مدیریت (CREM) - UMR 6211 - دانشگاه کان نرماندی، کان نرماندی، فرانسه. | ||
| 4استاد اقتصاد، مرکز تحقیقات اقتصاد و مدیریت (CREM) - UMR6211 - دانشگاه کان نرماندی، کان نرماندی، فرانسه. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| هدف از این مطالعه بررسی جنبه‌های جدید تئوری یادگیری از طریق صادرات است. بدین‌منظور نمونه‌ای متشکل از 104 شرکت کوچک و متوسط (SMEs) در استان آذربایجان غربی با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی انتخاب شده است. این داده‌ها بر‌اساس پرسشنامه‌ی اقتباس شده از بررسی‌های نوآوری جامعه (CIS) است که هدف آن جمع‌آوری داده‌های نوآوری از شرکت‌های کشورهای اروپایی است و برای انعکاس شرایط اقتصادی ایران بومی‌سازی شده است. پرسشنامه توسط مدیران شرکت‌های منتخب از خرداد 1400 تا پایان شهریور 1400 تکمیل شده است. سپس دو شاخص تنوع سیمپسون و شانون- وینر، برای تنوع نوآوری شرکت‌ها محاسبه شده است. برای متغیر صادرات دو شاخص استمرار صادرات و تنوع گسترده به‌کار گرفته شده است. سپس، شاخص شدت نهاده‌ی نوآوری، محدودیت‌های صادراتی و ویژگی‌های فردی و سازمانی مدیر شرکت با استفاده از تکنیک تحلیل تناظر چندگانه (MCA) محاسبه شد. در نهایت از مدل معادلات ساختاری تعمیم‌یافته (GSEM) برای برآورد مدل اقتصادسنجی مورد نظر استفاده شد. با توجه به نتایج به‌دست آمده، استمرار صادرات و دسترسی به بازارهای متنوع‌تر صادراتی اثر مثبت و معنادار بر تنوع نوآوری دارد ولی با توجه به ضرایب برآوردی نخست، باید شرایطی فراهم شود که فرایند استمرار صادرات برای این بنگاه‌ها تسهیل گردد، سپس صادرات به مناطق مختلف در برنامه آن‌ها قرار گیرد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| تنوع نوآوری؛ تنوع صادرات؛ استمرار صادرات؛ شاخص شانون-وینر؛ شاخص سیمپسون | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Investigating the Relationship between the Continuity and Geographic Diversity of Exports with the Diversity of Innovation, Case Study: Small and Medium Enterprises in West Azarbaijan Province | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| KHADIJEH Hasanzadeh1؛ Kiumars Shahbazi2؛ Mohammad Movahedi3؛ Olivier Gaussens4 | ||
| 1Ph.D. in Economics, Department of Economics Faculty of Economics and Management, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran. | ||
| 2Professor in Economics, Department of Economics Faculty of Economics and Management, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran. | ||
| 3Researcher, Center for Research in Economics and Management (CREM) - UMR 6211 - University of Caen Normandy, Caen Normandy, France. | ||
| 4Professor in Economics, Center for Research in Economics and Management (CREM) - UMR6211 - University of Caen Normandy, Caen Normandy, France. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| A B S T R A C T The purpose of this study is to examine the new aspects of the theory of learning through export. For this purpose, a sample consisting of 104 small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in West Azarbaijan province was selected using random sampling method. This data is based on a questionnaire adapted from the Community Innovation Survey (CIS), which aims to collect innovation data from European enterprises and has been localized to reflect Iran's economic conditions. The questionnaire was completed by the managers of selected enterprises from June 2021 to the end of September 2021. Then, two diversity indices of Simpson and Shannon-Wiener have been calculated for the innovation diversity of enterprises. For the export variable, two indicators of export continuity and diversification have been used. Then, the innovation input intensity index, export restrictions, and individual and organizational characteristics of the enterprise manager were calculated using the multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) technique. Finally, the generalized structural equation model (GSEM) was used to estimate the desired econometric model. According to the results, the continuity of exports and access to more diverse export markets has a positive and significant effect on innovation diversity, but according to the estimated coefficients, conditions must be provided to facilitate the process of export continuity for these enterprises, then exporting to different regions should be included in their plan. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Innovation Diversity, Export Diversity, Export Continuity, Shannon-Wiener Index, Simpson Index | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
شهبازی، کیومرث؛ موحدی، محمد؛ برومند، یونس. (1397). رابطه متقابل نوآوری و صادرات در بنگاه‌های کوچک و متوسط: کاربرد تحلیل تناظر چندگانه و مدل معادلات ساختاری تعمیم‌یافته، فصلنامه پژوهشنامه بازرگانی، شماره 88، 77-113.
فلاحتی، علی؛ شهیکی تاش، محمدنبی؛ رضائی، الهام؛ کرانی، عبدالرضا. (1396). ﺗﺄثیر هزینه‌های تحقیق و توسعه و نوآوری بر سودآوری صنایع کارخانه‌ای با سطوح مختلف فناوری. فصلنامه علمی پژوهش‌های اقتصاد صنعتی، 1(1)، 23-36.
دهقان طرزجانی، علیرضا؛ ابراهیمی، مهرزاد؛ زارع، هاشم؛ امینی فرد، عباسی. (1400). بررسی اثر نوآوری و مالکیت فکری بر رشد تولید صنایع با فناوری بالا (مطالعه موردی: کشورهای منتخب خاورمیانه). فصلنامه علمی پژوهش‌های اقتصاد صنعتی.
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