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بررسی زیستگاههای بالقوه خرس قهوهای (Ursus arctos) در ذخیرهگاه زیستکره ارسباران | ||
| فصلنامه علمی زیست شناسی جانوری تجربی | ||
| دوره 12، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 48، اردیبهشت 1403، صفحه 39-51 اصل مقاله (1.41 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30473/eab.2024.67230.1904 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| جلیل سرهنگ زاده* 1؛ احد ستوده2 | ||
| 1گروه محیطزیست، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران | ||
| 2گروه محیطزیست، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| هرچند خرس قهوهای (Ursus arctos) در طبقهبندی اتحادیه جهانی حفاظت از طبیعت و منابع طبیعی در طبقه کمترین نگرانی قرار دارد، اما جمعیت و دامنه انتشار آن بهعنوان بزرگجثهترین گوشتخوار کشور، کاهش یافته و حفاظت از زیستگاههای آن، حائز اهمیت است. در این پژوهش، مطلوبیت زیستگاه خرس قهوهای در ذخیرهگاه زیستکره ارسباران (یکی از مهمترین زیستگاههای گونه در شمالغربی کشور) با استفاده از تحلیل عامل آشیان اکولوژیکی و نقاط حضور گونه بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد که ۶/۲۳ درصد (۲۰۲۴۵ هکتار) از وسعت ذخیرهگاه زیستکره ارسباران، زیستگاه مطلوبی برای خرس قهوهای است. همچنین، براساس نقشه مطلوبیت زیستگاه، خرس قهوهای بیشتر در ارتفاع ۹۰0 تا ۲۴00 متر از سطح دریا و شیب ۳۰ تا ۷۰ درصد حضور دارد. بهعلاوه متغیرهای مناطق جنگلی با تاج پوشش 100-75 درصد، مناطق با اقلیم نیمهمرطوب، مناطق با ارتفاع 2000-1500 متر از سطح دریا، دامنههای شمالی، مناطق با شیب 70-45 درصد، مناطق با اقلیم مرطوب، رودخانههای دایمی، مناطق جنگلی با تاج پوشش 75-50 درصد بیشترین تأثیر مثبت را در انتخاب زیستگاه گونه دارند. زیستگاههای بسیار مطلوب خرس قهوهای در مناطق اسکلو، مکیدی، هجراندوست، علیآباد، ناپشته، بالاسنگ، ایلانکش، عباسآباد و خریل قرار دارند. جلوگیری از توسعه گردشگری در محدوده زیستگاههای مطلوب خرس قهوهای و انجام مطالعات تکمیلی تعیین کریدورهای جابهجایی خرس قهوهای به مناطق همجوار از پیشنهادات این پژوهش است. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| خرس قهوهای؛ مدلسازی؛ مطلوبیت زیستگاه؛ گوشتخوار؛ ارسباران | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Study of potential habitats of the brown bear (Ursus arctos) in Arsbaran Biosphere Reserve | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Jalil Sarhangzadeh1؛ Ahad Sotoudeh2 | ||
| 1Departement of Environment, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran | ||
| 2Departement of Environment, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Brown bear (Ursus arctos) is classified as a Least Concern (LC) species of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), but its distribution have decreased as the largest carnivore in the country during last decades, and hence it is important to protect its habitats. In this research, the habitat suitability of brown bear in Arasbaran biosphere reserve, as one of the most important habitats of this species in the northwest of Iran, was considered. For the habitat suitability modeling of this species, Ecological Niche Factor Analysis (ENFA) method and ENFA software were used. Results showed that 23.6% (20245ha) of Arasbaran biosphere reserve were suitable for species. The suitable habitats were recognized to be in areas with elevation range of 900 to 2400 meters above sea level, 30 to 70 percent of slope. In addition, the variables of forest with 75-100% canopy cover, semi-humid climate, elevation range of 1500-2000 meters above sea level, Northern hillsides, 45 to 70 percent of slope, humid climate, permanent rivers, forest with 50-75% canopy cover have the most effect on the selection of the species habitat. The suitable habitats for brown bear are generally distributed in the Oskuloo, Makidi, Hejrandost, Aliabad, Naposhteh, Balasang, Ilankesh, Abasabad and Khril. Prevention of development (Tourism) in the suitable habitats of brown bear, and, determination of corridors and movement routs of the species outside of the Arasbaran Biosphere Reserve in future studies were suggested in the route of this research. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Brown bear, Habitat suitability, Carnivore, Arasbaran. | ||
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