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بررسی رقابت و قدرت انحصاری در بخش صنعت: مطالعه موردی صنایع فلزات اساسی، وسایل نقلیه موتوری و محصولات شیمیایی | ||
| فصلنامه علمی پژوهش های اقتصاد صنعتی | ||
| دوره 8، شماره 28، تیر 1403، صفحه 1-16 اصل مقاله (1.76 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: کاربردی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30473/jier.2025.71955.1463 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| فرهاد خداداد کاشی1؛ سیده وجیهه میکائیلی* 2 | ||
| 1استاد گروه اقتصاد ، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه پیام نور ، تهران ، ایران | ||
| 2دکتری علوم اقتصادی، تهران، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| رقابت و انحصار از مقوله‌های کلیدی در صنعت هستند. رقابت در صنعت باعث بهبود کیفیت و کاهش قیمت‌ها برای مصرف‌کنندگان می‌شود، در حالی که انحصار به تعیین قیمت‌ها و محدود کردن تولید منجر می‌شود که می‌تواند کیفیت و نوآوری را کاهش دهد. در این مقاله تلاش شد تا جهت بررسی رقابت و قدرت انحصاری در صنایع بزرگی همچون فلزات اساسی، صنعت تولید وسایل نقلیه موتوری و صنعت تولید محصولات شیمیایی، وضعیت انحصار و رقابت مورد توجه قرار گیرد. برای این منظور معیارهای مختلفی مانند؛ تمرکز، موانع ورود، صرفه‌های مقیاس، شاخص لرنر، مارک آپ و هزینه اجتماعی انحصار به کار گرفته شد. برای تحلیل داده‌ها هم از داده‌های خام مرکز آمار ایران با کد آیسیک چهاررقمی طی دوره 1381 تا 1397 استفاده گردید. نتایج بررسی شده نشان داد، صنعت تولید آهن و فولاد پایه، صنعت تولید مواد شیمیایی اساسی، صنعت تولید پلاستیک و لاستیک مصنوعی در شکل نخستین و صنعت تولید وسایل نقلیه موتوری از بیشترین میزان سهم فروش برخوردار بوده‌اند. این صنایع از تمرکز بالا، شاخص لرنر و مارک-آپ بالا، موانع ورود بالا، هزینه‌های اجتماعی بالا و صرفه‌های مقیاس پایین برخوردار هستند. علاوه‌براین رابطه معنی‌دار و مثبتی بین شاخص لرنر و هزینه‌های رفاهی انحصار در این صنایع وجود داشت. بعلاوه، مشخص شد که هزینه‌های اجتماعی انحصار در همه سال‌های دوره مذکور بالا بوده و موجب کاهش کارایی و رفاه جامعه شده است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| رقابت؛ صرفه ناشی از مقیاس؛ مارک آپ؛ هزینه‌های رفاهی انحصار؛ تمرکز | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Examining Competition and Monopoly Power in the Industrial Sector: a Case Study of Bbasic Metals, Motor Vehicles and Chemical Products | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Farhad Khodadad Kashi1؛ seyedeh vajihe mikaeeli2 | ||
| 1Professo of Economic, Department of Mangment, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2PhD in Economic Sciences, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Competition and monopoly are key concepts in the industry. Competition in an industry improves quality and decreases prices for consumers, while a monopoly leads to price setting and production reduction, which can diminish quality and innovation. In this article, an attempt was made to examine the situation of monopoly and competition to examine competition and monopoly power in large industries such as basic metals, the motor vehicle manufacturing industry, and the chemical products manufacturing industry. For this purpose, various criteria such as concentration, barriers to entry, economies of scale, Lerner index, markup, and social cost of monopoly were used. For data analysis, raw data from the Statistical Center of Iran with a four-digit ISIC code during the period 2002 to 2018 were used. The results showed that the basic iron and steel production industry, the basic chemical production industry, the primary plastic and synthetic rubber production industry, and the motor vehicle production industry had the highest sales share. These industries have high concentration, high Lerner index and mark-up, high barriers to entry, high social costs, and low economies of scale. Additionally, in these industries, there was a significant and positive relationship between the Lerner index and welfare costs of monopoly. In addition, it was determined that the social costs of monopoly were high in all years of the mentioned period and reduced the efficiency and welfare of society. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Competition, Economies of Scale, Markup, Social Welfare Costs of Monopoly, Concentration | ||
| مراجع | ||
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