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مناطق کلیدی جهت حفاظت از خرس قهوهای (Ursus arctos Linnaeus, 1758) ماده در البرز مرکزی | ||
| فصلنامه علمی زیست شناسی جانوری تجربی | ||
| مقاله 11، دوره 6، شماره 3، اسفند 1396، صفحه 127-141 اصل مقاله (1.22 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| باقر نظامی* 1؛ فرهاد عطایی2؛ حمید رضا حیدری3؛ افشین علیزاده شعبانی4؛ رحمان اسحاقی5؛ ، رحمان نعیمایی5 | ||
| 1استادیار، دانشکده محیط زیست، سازمان حفاظت محیط زیست، کرج | ||
| 2مربی، دانشکده محیط زیست، کرج | ||
| 3دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، محیط زیست، دانشگاه منابع طبیعی گرگان | ||
| 4استادیار، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج | ||
| 5محیط بان، البرز مرکزی، اداره کل حفاظت محیط زیست استان مازندران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| هدف از این مطالعه رسیدن به یک مدل مطلوبیت زیستگاهی مبتنی بر داده‌های حضور خرس قهوهای ماده و شناسایی فاکتورهای مهم در انتخاب زیستگاه می باشد. شناسایی این مناطق نقش بسیار مهمی در حفاظت از خرس قهوهای خواهد داشت. در این راه با توجه به عوامل مؤثر در تعیین کیفیت زیستگاه، نتایج حاصل به‌صورت یک نقشه پیش‌بینی پراکنش زیستگاه‌های مطلوب و اولویت‌بندی دامنه تغییرات متغیرهای زیست محیطی تأثیرگذار بر این مطلوبیت ارائه می‌شود. لذا داده‌های لازم برای مدیریت و حفاظت گونه و زیستگاه مطلوب آن از طریق تعیین پاسخ گونه به محیط‌زیست و پارامترهای شناسایی شده تسهیل خواهد شد. در این بررسی از روش بیشترین بی‌نظمی برای مدل‌سازی زیستگاه خرس قهوهای در منطقه حفاظت شده البرز مرکزی استفاده شد. داده‌های در دسترس برای تعیین اولویت انتخاب زیستگاه شامل یک مجموعه نقاط حضور گونه براساس مشاهدات میدانی و همچنین متغیرهای زیست محیطی منطقه مورد مطالعه است. صحت مدل به دست آمده از نتایج، حد استاندارد بالای 89/0 را نشان می‌دهد. براساس تحلیل جک نایف نیز متغیر بارندگی سالیانه مؤثرترین پارامترهای حضور گونه بوده و همچنین پوشش گیاهی منحصر به فردترین اطلاعات را در اختیار مدل قرار داده است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| انتخاب زیستگاهی؛ خرس قهوهای؛ منطقه حفاظت شده البرز مرکزی؛ بیشترین بی‌نظمی؛ بارندگی سالیانه | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Key source area to conserve brown bear Ursus arctos Linnaeus, 1758 in Alborz Mountain | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Bagher Nezami1؛ Farhad Ataei2؛ Anooshe Kafash3؛ Afshin Alizadeh Shaabani4؛ Rahman Eshaghi5؛ Rahman Naeimaei5 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor, Department of Natural Resources and Biodiversity, Collage of Environment, Karaj, Iran | ||
| 2Instructor, Faculty of Environment, Karaj, Iran | ||
| 3Former M. Sc. Student, Department of Natural Resources, Gorgan University of Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran | ||
| 4Assistant Professor, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
| 5Game Guard, Department of Environment, Mazandaran Province, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The main goals of this research are predicting the suitable habitat distribution, identifying habitat selection of brown bear and the main effective factors in Central Alborz Protected Area on spring and summer when they have yearling cubs. Identifying core areas, as source populations, have a key role to conserve of the species. The results are showed as a predicted map of suitable habitat patches distribution and priority of influence factors, according to the species fundamental niche. The required data are a set of species occurrence coordinates (presence points) according to the field observations and study areas’ environmental parameters layers. In this study we used Maximum Entropy Model for habitat modeling in central Alborz protected area. The presence data were gather from field surveys. The AUC values is 0.89 indicating good performance of the model. Jackknife graph showed that annual precipitation is the most effective parameter and vegetation is the most individual parameter. The predicted habitat of species showed a seasonal pattern of distribution. This results can be used to manage and conserve species in suitable habitats according to the species response to the environmental factors | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Habitat selection, Brown Bear, Central Alborz Protected Area, Maximum Entropy, Annual precipitation | ||
| مراجع | ||
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