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تنوع و انتشار خفاش در برخی غارهای استان فارس | ||
| فصلنامه علمی زیست شناسی جانوری تجربی | ||
| مقاله 11، دوره 8، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 30، آبان 1398، صفحه 131-142 اصل مقاله (784.73 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30473/eab.2019.6211 | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| فرنگیس قاسمی* | ||
| مربی، گروه زیست‌شناسی، واحد جهرم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، جهرم، ایران و اداره کل حفاظت محیط زیست استان فارس، شیراز، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| چکیده شناسایی تاکسونهای جانوری یکی از اقدامات اساسی برای حفظ تنوع زیستی است. خفاش موجودی نافع در اکوسیستم است که به دلایل مختلف از جمله تخریب زیستگاههای آن‌ها بهشدت مورد تهدید قرار گرفته است. لذا در این پژوهش، تنوع خفاش در 36 غار در اقلیمهای مختلف استان فارس طی 10 ماه بررسی گردید. به این منظور خفاش‌ها ضمن پرواز در غار یا بعد از صید شدن با تور نامرئی (mist net)، عکس‌برداری شدند. گونه‌ها پس از مطابقت با کلیدهای تاکسونومیکی خاص شناسایی و توسط مراجع داخلی و خارجی تأیید شدند. بعضی از خفاش‌ها پس از شناسایی در محل رها گردیده و بعضی برای تشخیص دقیق‌تر به آزمایشگاه منتقل شدند. نتایج حاصل از این تحقیق حاکی از حضور 15 گونه خفاش متعلق به 8 جنس از 7 خانواده بود که بیشتر در غارهای مرطوب و بزرگ به لحاظ ارتفاع و عمق به‌صورت کلنی‌های پر جمعیت و متشکل از گونه‌های مختلف مشاهده شدند. خفاش‌ها شامل یک گونه میوه خوار و 14 گونه حشره خوار بود. خانواده خفاش نعل اسبی (Rhinolophidae) با 5 گونه بیشترین تنوع و جنس Rhinopoma بیشترین تراکم جمعیت و انتشار در منطقه را نشان داد. بیشترین جمعیت و تنوع خفاش نیز به‌ترتیب در غارهای ناحیه گرم و معتدل استان بود. مطابق با نتایج حاصل، غارهای استان فارس مأمن مناسبی برای خفاش است لذا جهت حفاظت از جمعیت آن‌ها، حفاظت از این اماکن از طرف سازمان محیط زیست و تعامل آن‌ها با تیم‌های غارنوردی استان کاملاً ضروری است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| واژه‌های کلیدی: تراکم جمعیت؛ تنوع زیستی؛ خفاش؛ غار | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Diversity and distribution of bat in the some caves of Fars Province | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Frangis Ghassemi | ||
| Instructor, Department of Biology, Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, Iran and Department of the Environment of Fars province, Shiraz, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Abstract Fauna identification of animal taxon is one of the basic parameters for biodiversity protection. Bats are useful animal in the ecosystem that is threatened seriously duo to several reasons, as the destruction of their habitat. So in this study, the diversity of bats in 36 caves in the 4 climates of Fars province was investigated during 10 months. For this purpose, the bats were photographed in the cave during flying or capturing by mist net. The species were identified according special taxonomic keys and confirmed by local and foreign authorities some of bats were abandoned in the site and others were transferred to lab for exactly identification. The obtained results showed 15 species belonging to 8 genera of 7 families as the big colonies of different species lived in the mist and large caves with height and depth. Family Rhinolophidae with 5 species was the most diverse family, and Rhinopoma had the most density and diversity in the harm and temperature regions, respectively. According to obtained results, Fars province is the suitable roost for bats, so the conservation of these habitats must be done for protection of their population by Department of Environment, and their cooperation with caving teams is necessary. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Keywords: Bat, cave, diversity, population density | ||
| مراجع | ||
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