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تنوع گونه‌ای سن‌های شکارگر (Heteroptera) در برخی مزارع چغندرقند ایران | ||
| فصلنامه علمی زیست شناسی جانوری تجربی | ||
| دوره 10، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 40، خرداد 1401، صفحه 19-33 اصل مقاله (1.13 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30473/eab.2022.49985.1760 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| حسن قهاری* 1؛ مجید نوائیان2؛ هادی استوان3 | ||
| 1دانشیار حشره‌شناسی، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد یادگار امام خمینی (ره) شهرری، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار جانورشناسی، گروه زیست‌شناسی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد یادگار امام خمینی (ره) شهرری، ایران | ||
| 3استاد حشره‌شناسی، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شیراز شیراز، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| تنوع زیستی و توسعه پایدار از اهداف مهم در حفاظت از محیط زیست می‌باشند که به منظور داشتن تنوع زیستی بالا، شناسایی و حفظ اکوسیستم‌ها و گونههای جانوری و گیاهی و نیز میکروارگانیسم‌های موجود در آن ضروری می‌باشد. سن‌های شکارگر (Heteroptera) جزو شکارگران مهم در اغلب اکوسیستم‌های زراعی می‌باشند که نقش مهمی در کنترل جمعیت آفات مختلف کشاورزی ایفا می‌نمایند. این حشرات مفید در چهار مقوله مختلف شامل تنوع گونه‌ای، درصد فراوانی نسبی و ساختار ترکیب گونه‌ای، شاخص شباهت زیستگاه و تغییرات جمعیت در مزارع چغندرقند کشور (استان‌های اصفهان، همدان، گلستان، چهارمحال و بختیاری، آذربایجان‌غربی و خوزستان) طی سال‌های 1388 تا 1392 مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. در مجموع 24 گونه سن شکارگر از پنج خانواده Anthocoridae (هشت گونه از دو جنس)، Geocoridae (سه گونه از یک جنس)، Miridae (سه گونه از یک جنس)، Nabidae (سه گونه از یک جنس) و Reduviidae (هفت گونه از هفت جنس) از مزارع چغندرقند کشور جمع‌آوری و شناسایی شدند. نتایج نشان داد از 216 نمونه از سن‌های شکارگر جمع آوری شده از مزارع چغندرقند کشور گونههای Orius albidipennis، O. laevigatus و O. laticollis به ترتیب با درصد فراوانی 1/11%، 6/10% و 7/9% دارای بیشترین فراوانی در بین 23 گونه جمع‌آوری شده می‌باشند و به عنوان گونههای غالب معرفی می‌گردند. بالاترین میزان شباهت زیستگاه بین دو منطقه میان‌دوآب (استان آذربایجان‌غربی) و دزفول (استان خوزستان) (1/57%) مشاهده گردید. حداکثر انبوهی جمعیت سن‌های شکارگر با میانگین 92/3 در تیر ماه به‌دست آمد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| تغییرات جمعیت؛ تنوع گونه‌ای؛ چغندرقند؛ سن‌های شکارگر | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Species Diversity of Predator Bugs (Heteroptera) in Some Sugar Beet Fields of Iran | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Hassan Ghahari1؛ Majid Navaeian2؛ Hadi Ostovan3 | ||
| 1Associate Professor of Entomology, Department of Plant Protection, Yadegar-e Imam Khomeini (RAH) Shahre Rey Branch, Islamic Azad, University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Assistant Professor of Zoology, Department of Biology, Yadegar-e Imam Khomeini (RAH) Shahre Rey Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 3Professor of Entomology, Department of Plant Protection, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Biodiversity and sustainable development are important goals in environmental protection that in order to have high biodiversity, it is necessary to identify and preserve ecosystems and all species of animals and plants as well as microorganisms in it. Predator bugs (Heteroptera) are efficient predators in most agroecosystems, which have powerful role for control of agricultural pests. These beneficial insects were evaluated under four categories a/ species diversity, b/ percentage of relative abundance and structure of species composition, c/ habitat similarity index, and d/ population fluctuation in sugar beet fields of six provinces (Isfahan, Hamadan, Golestan, Chaharmahal & Bakhtiari, West Azarbaijan and Khuzestan) during 2009-2013. In this research, in total of 24 species under six families, Anthocoridae (eight species, two genera), Geocoridae (three species, single genus), Miridae (three species, single genus), Nabidae (three species, single genus) and Reduviidae (seven species, seven genera) were collected and identified. Additionally, totally 216 specimens of predator bugs were collected from sugar beet fields, which Orius albidipennis, O. laevigatus and O. laticollis with 11.1%, 10.6% and 9.7% of percentage of relative abundance, respectively have the highest abundance among all the species and are dominant species. The highest habitat similarity was obtained between Myandoab (West Azarbaijan province) and Dezful (Khuzestan province) (57.1%). The maximum population density (3.92) was obtained in July. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Population fluctuation, predator bugs, Sugar beet, species diversity | ||
| مراجع | ||
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