پیوندهای مفید
اخبار و اعلانات
آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 41 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 1,113 |
| تعداد مقالات | 9,524 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 17,182,689 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 12,027,928 |
کاوشی نو در باب منشاء دین در دعوی توقف تاجر | ||
| دوفصلنامه علمی دانش حقوق مدنی | ||
| دوره 13، 1 (بهار و تابستان 1403- پیاپی 25)، فروردین 1403، صفحه 19-28 اصل مقاله (753.16 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: علمی- پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30473/clk.2024.70343.3235 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| حسین شهید1؛ علی اسلامی پناه،* 2؛ علی رستمی فر3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری حقوق خصوصی، دانشکده حقوق، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد بین‌الملل قشم، قشم، ایران. | ||
| 2استادیار دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران. | ||
| 3استادیار گروه حقوق، دانشکده حقوق، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد بین‌الملل قشم، قشم، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| منشأ دین در دعوای ورشکستگی از موضوعات مورد مناقشه بین حقوقدانان بوده و این اختلاف عقیده در آرای محاکم نیز انعکاس یافته است. تعیین و شناخت منشأ دین و بررسی تأثیر آن در دعوای ورشکستگی در اصلاح نارساییها و کاستیها و تسهیل کیفیسازی فرایندها و در نهایت صدور آرای عادلانه از سوی دادگاه‌ها و رویه قضایی مثمرثمر است و بدین ترتیب کیفیت عدالت را بهبود میبخشد. پدیده حقوقی «توقف از پرداخت دین» به دلیل عوامل اقتصادی ایجاد میشود، اما آثار حقوقی بر جای می‌گذارد. با توجه به قلمرو و ابعاد ناتوانی از پرداخت دین، دو نظام حقوقی اعسار و ورشکستگی، در نظام حقوقی ایران در نظر گرفته شده است. قانونگذار، واقعیات اقتصادی را در نهاد ورشکستگی بیشتر از اعسار در نظر گرفته است و همین موضوع باعث شده است. در برخی موارد، حقوق ورشکستگی از اصول کلی حقوقی و حقوق مدنی منحرف شود و حتی در مواردی که تجار، در پرداخت دیونی که جنبه تجاری ندارند، ناتوان هستند، تاجر را مکلف کرده تا مطابق مقررات قانون تجارت، رسیدگی به امر ورشکستگی خود را درخواست کند. مسیر قانونگذاری دلالت بر آن دارد که منشأ دین و ماهیت آن تأثیری در دعوای ورشکستگی ندارد. در نهایت به این هدف میرسیم که تفکیکی بین دارایی تاجر صورت نمیگیرد و این عقیده تقویت میشود که بدون توجه به منشأ یا نوع دینی که حاصل شده است، صرف سلب قدرت پرداخت تاجر از پرداخت دین موجب تحقق ورشکستگی است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| اعسار؛ توقف از پرداخت دین؛ دعاوی ورشکستگی؛ دعوی توقف تاجر؛ منشأ دین | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| A New Research on Debt Origination in Merchant Suspension Lawsuit | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Hossein Shahid1؛ Ali Eslamipanah2؛ Ali Rostamifar3 | ||
| 1Ph.D. Student, Faculty of Law, International Qeshm Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qeshm, Iran. | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, Faculty of Law, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 3Assistant Professor, Faculty of Law, International Qeshm Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qeshm, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The debt origination in the bankruptcy cases is one of the controversial issues among lawyers and this difference of opinion is also reflected in the decisions of the courts. Determining and recognizing the debt origination and examining its impact on bankruptcy case in correction of inadequacies and deficiencies and facilitating the quality of processes and finally issuing fair judgments by the courts and judicial procedure is fruitful and thus improves the quality of justice. The legal phenomenon of "debt payment suspension" is created due to economic factors, but has legal effects. Considering the scope and dimensions of inability to pay debts, two legal systems of bankruptcy and insolvency have been considered in Iranian legal system. In the institution of bankruptcy, the legislator has considered the economic realities more comparing to debt itself and in some cases, this issue has caused bankruptcy law to deviate from the general principles of law and civil law and even in cases where businessmen aren’t able to pay debts that are not commercial,, the law has obliged them to request for bankruptcy according to the provisions of the Commercial Law. The legislative path implies that the debt origination does not affect the bankruptcy case. Finally, we reach the goal that there is no separation between the merchant's assets and this opinion is strengthened that regardless of the type of debt origination that has been obtained, simply depriving the ability of merchant to pay the debt will result in bankruptcy. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Claims in Bankruptcy, Debt Origination, Insolvency, Merchant Suspension Lawsuit, Suspension of Debt Payments | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Ebrahim Esfahani, Amirhossein. (2020). Kasbeh Jaz from a legal perspective: Rights and duties of Kasbeh Jaz in law and judicial procedure. Tehran: Avai Oramesh. (In Persian) Skinny, Rabia. (2019). Business Law: Bankruptcy and liquidation of bankrupt matters (with amendments). twenty-sixth edition. Tehran: Side. (In Persian) Eftekhari, Javad. (1999). Bankruptcy and liquidation of bankruptcy matters (theoretical and practical). First edition. Tehran: Phoenix. (In Persian) Emami, Asadullah. (2018). The law of obligations: historical, analytical and comparative study of obligations. First edition. Tehran: Mizan. (In Persian) Amiri-Qaim Maqami, Abdul Majid. (2005). Laws of obligations: Generalities of the law of obligations - legal events. First volume, third edition, Tehran: Mizan. (In Persian) Pasian, Mohammad Reza. (2022). Business Law - Bankruptcy Law. first edition. Tehran: Ganj Danesh. (In Persian) Jarr, Khalil. (2006). Laros culture: Arabic to Persian. Translation: Hamid Tabibian. First volume, 16th edition, Tehran: Amir Kabir. (In Persian) Jafari Langroudi, Mohammad Jafar. (1998). Law of obligations. third edition. Tehran: Ganj Danesh. (In Persian) Jafari Langroudi, Mohammad Jafar. (2000). Philosophy of civil rights. first edition. Tehran: Ganj Danesh. (In Persian) Jafari Langroudi, Mohammad Jafar. (2001). Expanded on legal terminology. third volume. third edition. Tehran: Ganj Danesh. (In Persian) Jafari Langroudi, Mohammad Jafar, (2002). A collection of elements. first edition. Tehran: Ganj Danesh. (In Persian) Jafari Langroudi, Mohammad Jafar. (2006). Al Faraq: General encyclopedia of law. first edition. Tehran: Ganj Danesh. (In Persian) Haj Ali, Nematullah. (2021). Bankruptcy and Liquidation of Bankruptcy Matters. second edition. Tehran: Judiciary Press and Publishing Center. (In Persian) Dehkhoda, Ali Akbar. (2005). Dehkhoda Dictionary. first volume. Tehran: Tehran University Press. (In Persian) Rezaei, Ali, Melai Khas, Milad. (2019). "Stopping a businessman from paying debts in the legal system of Iran and the United States". Scientific Quarterly - Specialized Judgment, Volume 20, Number 102, pp. 63-85. (In Persian) Sotoudeh Tehrani, Hassan. (2009). Commercial Law. third volume. Tehran: Dadgstar. (In Persian) Sanhouri, Abdul Razzaq. (2002). Obligation law course: sources of obligation: contract (general rules of contracts) translated by: Mohammad Hossein Daneshkia, Seyyed Mehdi Dammarzi, first volume, first edition, Qom: University of Qom. (In Persian) Simai Saraf, Hossein. (2017). Bankruptcy rights and liquidation of bankrupt property. first edition. Tehran: Mizan Legal Foundation. (In Persian) Shahid, Hossein. (2007). Study of Unable to Pay Debt Transactions. Master's Thesis, Qom: Qom University. (In Persian) Shahidi, Mehdi. (2015). Formation of contracts and obligations. first volume. fifth edition, Tehran: Majd Publications. (In Persian) Safari, Mohammad. (2008). Commercial Law, Bankruptcy. first volume. second edition. Tehran: Publishing Company. (In Persian) Abdulahi Nisiani, Mustafa. (2022). Analysis of the law on the execution of financial convictions with an emphasis on judicial procedure. second edition. Tehran: Judiciary Press and Publications Center. (In Persian) Abdipour Fard, Ibrahim. (2018). Business Law. Volume IV. Bankruptcy Law; Second edition. Tehran: Majd. Omid, Hassan. (1995). Amid's Persian culture. Sixth edition. Tehran: Amir Kabir. (In Persian) Ghasemzadeh, Morteza. (2003). Civil rights, principles of contracts and obligations. First edition. Tehran: Judge. (In Persian) Farahani's deputy, Mohammad Hossein. (1987). Commercial law, bankruptcy and liquidation. Tehran: University of Tehran. (In Persian) Qalich Khan, Mina; Jamshidi, Omid. (2019). The Effect of the Nature of Religion on the Occurrence of Bankruptcy. Tehran: Chater Danesh. (In Persian) Katbi, Hossein Qoli. (1995). Commercial law. 7th edition. Tehran: Ganj Danesh. (In Persian) Katouzian, Nasser. (2006). General theory of obligations. 4th edition. Tehran: Mizan Legal Foundation. (In Persian) Kaviani, Korosh. (2019). Criticism of decisions of the bankruptcy court of Tehran province. second edition. Tehran: Press and Publications Center of Judiciary Research Institute. (In Persian) Mateen, Ahmed. (2008). The collection of judicial procedure (legal part) including: opinions of branches and general boards of the Supreme Court. Tehran: Raham. (In Persian) Center for Extraction and Studies of Judicial Procedure of the country, (2014). Collection of Judicial Opinions of Courts of Appeal of Tehran Province. First Edition, Judiciary: Press and Publications Center. (In Persian) Mohaghegh Damad, Seyyed Mustafa. (2008). General Theory of Terms and Obligations in Islamic Law. Tehran: Islamic Sciences Publishing Center. (In Persian) Mohammadzadeh Vadaghani, Alireza. (2016). Business Law (4) Bankruptcy and liquidation. second edition. Tehran: Majd. (In Persian) Mohammadi, Sam; Jamshidi, Omid; Jamshidi, Madh. (2018). "The effect of civil (non-commercial) religion on the occurrence of bankruptcy". Legal Research Journal, No. 40, pp. 265-296. (In Persian) Moin, Mohammad. (2006). Farhang Moin (Persian single volume). Third edition. Tehran: Zarin. (In Persian) Mehrabi, Farhad. (2009). Laws governing bankruptcy and liquidation. Tehran: Taimaz. (In Persian) Hashemi Shahroudi, Mahmoud. (2002). The culture of jurisprudence according to the religion of Ahl al-Bayt, peace be upon them. first volume, first edition, Qom: Institute of Encyclopedia of Islamic Jurisprudence. (In Persian) | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 91 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 92 |
||