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دادگاه صلح در کالبد مرجع بدوی اختصاصی | ||
دوفصلنامه علمی دانش حقوق مدنی | ||
دوره 13، (پاییز و زمستان 1403) پیاپی 26، مهر 1403، صفحه 163-180 اصل مقاله (903.2 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: علمی- پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30473/clk.2024.72681.3300 | ||
نویسنده | ||
مجید عزیزیانی* | ||
دکتری حقوق خصوصی از دانشگاه علوم قضایی و خدمات اداری دادگستری، تهران، ایران. | ||
چکیده | ||
یکی از نوآوریهای قانون جدید شوراهای حل اختلاف مصوب ۱۴۰۲ پیشبینی یک مرجع قضایی جدید بهنام دادگاه صلح است، در خصوص اینکه دادگاه صلح بهعنوان یک مرجع اختصاصی قضایی در مسیر ترقی یا تنزل قرار دارد، در این مقاله به بررسی آن میپردازیم. اعطای صلاحیتهای ناهمگون و نامتوزان به دادگاه صلح با ماهیت حقوقی، کیفری، اداری و حسبی موجب شده است که از حیث نظری، این دادگاه در عین اختصاصی بودن به عنوان یک مرجع قضایی، ولی از حیث عملی، دادگاهی اختصاصی عمومی با صلاحیتهای عام متنوع محسوب شود که این امر میتواند آثار نامطلوبی بر موفقیت این نهاد داشته باشد. به موجب ماده ۱۴ قانون جدید، شوراهای حل اختلاف صرفاً در امر صلح و سازش صلاحیت دارند و صلاحیت آن شوراها برای رسیدگی به دعاوی و درخواستها سلب شده است. تجربه ناموفق شوراهای حل اختلاف در رسیدگی به دعاوی و درخواستها موجب شده است که علاوه بر طیف گستردهای از دعاوی و شکایات در صلاحیت دادگاه صلح، تمامی صلاحیتهای آن شوراهای حل اختلاف به دادگاه صلح منتقل شود که این امر با توجه به تنوع و کثرت دعاوی و درخواستها از اثرگذاری مطلوب و مؤثر این دادگاه میکاهد. روش مقاله با بررسی مبانی حقوقی و قضایی به سبک تحلیلی توصیفی با شیوه کاربردی است. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
شورای حل اختلاف؛ دادگاه صلح؛ دادگاه عمومی؛ مرجع اختصاصی؛ صلاحیت | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Court of Peace in the Body of Exclusive First Instance Reference | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
Majid Aziziyani | ||
PhD of Private Law, University of Judicial Sciences and Administrative Services, Tehran, Iran. | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
One of the innovations of the new law of dispute resolution councils approved in 1402 is the provision of a new judicial authority called the peace court. Regarding the fact that the peace court as a dedicated judicial authority is on the path of promotion or degradation, we will examine it in this article. Granting heterogeneous and unequal powers to the peace court with legal, criminal, administrative and custom nature has caused that in theory, this court, while being exclusive as a judicial authority, but in practice, it is considered a special public court with various general powers. This can have adverse effects on the success of this institution According to Article 14 of the new law, dispute resolution councils are only competent in matters of peace and reconciliation, and the authority of those councils to deal with claims and requests has been revoked. The unsuccessful experience of dispute resolution councils in dealing with claims and requests has caused that, in addition to a wide range of claims and complaints under the jurisdiction of the peace court, all the jurisdictions of those dispute resolution councils have been transferred to the peace court, which is due to the diversity and plurality of claims. And requests reduce the favorable and effective effectiveness of this court. The method of the article is to examine the legal and judicial foundations in a descriptive analytical style with an applied method. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Dispute Resolution Council, Peace Court, General Court, Special Authority, Jurisdiction | ||
مراجع | ||
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