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اثرات باز بودن اقتصاد، نوآوری و فناوری‌های نوین بر محیط‌زیست (مطالعه کشورهای درحال‌توسعه و توسعهیافته) | ||
| فصلنامه علمی آموزش محیط زیست و توسعه پایدار | ||
| دوره 13، شماره 3، 1404، صفحه 157-170 اصل مقاله (3.33 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30473/ee.2024.70297.2705 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| امیرعلی فرهنگ* 1؛ علی یونسی2؛ نسرین منصوری3؛ علی جلیلوندنکاری4 | ||
| 1دانشیار، گروه اقتصاد، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران. | ||
| 2استادیار، گروه اقتصاد، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران ، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار، گروه اقتصاد، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران | ||
| 4گروه اقتصاد، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در این پژوهش اثرات باز بودن اقتصاد، نوآوری و فناوری‌های نوین بر محیط‌زیست در 32 کشور درحال‌توسعه و توسعهیافته طی سالهای 2022-1997 بر اساس الگوی خودتوضیحی با وقفه‌ای گسترده پنل بررسی و موردسنجش قرار گرفت. نتایج حاصل از تحقیق حاضر نشان میدهد که در کشورهای درحال‌توسعه؛ متغیرهای رشد تولید ناخالص و مجذور رشد تولید ناخالص داخلی تأثیر مثبتی بر انتشار گاز کربن دی‌اکسید دارند و نتایج پژوهش بیانگر رد فرضیه کوزنتس زیست‌محیطی برای کشورهای مذکور میباشد درحالی‌که ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﺑﺮآورد ﻣﺪل برای کشورهای توسعهیافته بیانگر آن است که مجذور رشد تولید ناخالص داخلی تأثیر منفی و معناداری بر انتشار گاز کربن دی‌اکسید دارد و تأییدکننده فرضیه کوزنتس زیست‌محیطی برای کشورهای توسعهیافته است. همچنین نتایج حاصل از تحقیق حاضر برای کشورهای درحال‌توسعه نشان میدهد که تأثیر حجم تجارت خارجی به GDP و نوآوری و فناوری، دارای اثر منفی و معناداری بر انتشار گاز کربن دی‌اکسید دارند درحالی‌که برای کشورهای توسعهیافته، اثر حجم تجارت خارجی (حاصل جمع صادرات و واردات) به GDP، بر انتشار گاز کربن دی‌اکسید مثبت و معناداری بوده است. نتایج ضریب جمله تصحیح خطا برای کشورهای درحال‌توسعه، نشان‌دهنده وجود رابطه بلندمدت معناداری بین متغیرهای الگو است و اثر یک شوک بر متغیر انتشار گاز کربن دی‌اکسید در کوتاهمدت حدود دو دوره زمان به طول خواهد انجامید و پس‌ازآن، رابطه کوتاهمدت نیز در مسیر رابطه تعادلی بلندمدت قرار خواهد گرفت درحالی‌که ضریب جمله تصحیح خطا برای کشورهای توسعهیافته، نشان‌دهنده وجود رابطه بلندمدت معناداری بین متغیرهای الگو است. به‌گونه‌ای که انتظار میرود، در هر دوره حدود 42/0 واحد انحراف رابطه کوتاهمدت از مسیر بلندمدت تعدیل شود. ضریب یادشده در این مدل نشان‌دهنده سرعت‌پایین تعدیل به سمت رابطه تعادلی بلندمدت برای کشورهای توسعهیافته است. بر اساس این، اثر یک شوک بر متغیر انتشار گاز کربن دی‌اکسید برای کشورهای توسعهیافته در کوتاهمدت حدود چهار دوره زمانی طول خواهد کشید. حمایتهای تشویقی؛ مالی و مالیاتی جهت توسعه و استفاده از فناوری‌های پاک و پایدار برای کاهش آلودگی محیط‌زیست توصیه و پیشنهاد میگردد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| تجارت؛ نوآوری؛ فناوری‌های نوین؛ Panel ARDL | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of Economic Openness, Innovation and New Technologies on the Environment: A Study of Developing and Developed Countries | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Amir Ali Farhang1؛ Ali Younessi2؛ Nasrin Mansouri3؛ Ali Jalilvand Nekari4 | ||
| 1Associate Prof, Department of Economics, Payame Noor University(PNU),Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 3Assistant Prof, Department of Economics, Payame Noor University(PNU), Tehran, Iran | ||
| 4Department of Economics, Payame Noor University(PNU),Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In this research, the effects of economic openness, innovation, and new technologies on the environment in 32 developing and developed countries from 1997 to 2022 were investigated and measured based on the panel autoregressive distributed lag model (Panel ARDL). The results of this study show that in developing countries, the variables of gross domestic product (GDP) growth and the square of GDP growth have a positive effect on carbon dioxide emissions, indicating a rejection of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis for these countries. In contrast, the results obtained from the model estimation for developed countries show that the square of GDP growth has a negative and significant effect on carbon dioxide emissions, confirming the EKC hypothesis for developed countries. Moreover, the findings for developing countries reveal that the impact of foreign trade volume relative to GDP, along with innovation and technology, has a negative and significant effect on carbon dioxide emissions. In contrast, for developed countries, the effect of foreign trade volume (sum of exports and imports) relative to GDP has a positive and significant impact on carbon dioxide emissions. The results of the error correction coefficient for developing countries indicate a significant long-term relationship between the model variables. A shock to the carbon dioxide emissions variable in the short term will persist for approximately two periods, after which the short-term relationship will converge toward the long-term equilibrium path. Meanwhile, the error correction coefficient for developed countries also confirms a significant long-term relationship between the model variables. As expected, in each period, about 0.42 units of the deviation from the long-term path will be corrected. This coefficient reflects a slow adjustment speed toward the long-term equilibrium for developed countries. Accordingly, the effect of a shock on carbon dioxide emissions in developed countries will persist for a short period of approximately four time periods. Supportive financial and fiscal incentives for the development and adoption of clean and sustainable technologies are recommended to reduce environmental pollution. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Trade, Innovation, New Technologies, Panel ARDLJEL | ||
| مراجع | ||
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آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 52 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 7 |
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