پیوندهای مفید
اخبار و اعلانات
آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 41 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 1,170 |
| تعداد مقالات | 10,078 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 18,877,906 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 13,097,060 |
ارزیابی آسیب‌پذیری اجتماعی– فضایی ساختمان‌های تاریخی شهر رشت با استفاده از رویکرد نحو فضایی | ||
| برنامه ریزی توسعه کالبدی | ||
| دوره 11، شماره 3، آذر 1403، صفحه 57-76 اصل مقاله (3.04 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30473/psp.2025.72203.2735 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مهرداد مهرجو1؛ مهرناز مولوی* 2 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری شهرسازی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار گروه شهرسازی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شهرها مکان تجمع جمعیت و افزایش بارگذاری‌های محیطی و اجتماعی هستند. بنابراین، کاهش آسیب‌پذیری در برابر مخاطرات انسانی ضرورت دارد. شهر فقط مجموعه‌ای از ساختمان‌ها نیست، بلکه پدیده‌ای انسانی، اجتماعی، فرهنگی، اقتصادی و کالبدی است. پژوهش حاضر ازلحاظ هدف به ارزیابی آسیب‌پذیری اجتماعی- فضایی ساختمان‌های تاریخی در بافت تاریخی شهر رشت می‌پردازد و چه عواقبی می‌تواند در فضاهای اطراف بناهای تاریخی داشته باشد. در این پژوهش، برای ارزیابی خطرات انسانی از تکنیک دلفی و روش ICCROM-CCI-RCE استفاده شد. از تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی و ضریب رگرسیون خطی چندگانه (مدل‌های پیش‌بینی کننده) در جهت بررسی داده‌های خروجی نرمافزار Space Syntax استفاده شد. درنهایت، یافتههای مدل‌های پیش‌بینی کننده، رفتارهای مخرب اجتماعی-فضایی انسان در اطراف ساختمان‌های تاریخی را نمایان کردند. دو عامل جریان حرکت و دسترسی بصری آسیب فضایی استخراج‌شده از تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی و هفت دسته خطر انسانی زمینه‌ای شناسایی شدند. متغیرهای اتصال بصری، حرکت عابرپیاده، حرکت وسایل نقلیه، عابرپیاده از طریق حرکت در جریان حرکت دارای بارهای عاملی قابل‌توجهی نسبت به دسترسی بصری قرار دارند و در عامل دسترسی بصری متغیرهای وسایل نقلیه از طریق حرکت و مناطق ایزوویستی دارای بارعاملی قابل‌قبولی هستند. نتایج تحقیق به‌وضوح نشان داد که بافت اجتماعی باید به‌طور کامل در کنار بافت فضایی مورد توجه قرارگیرد. تعامل آن‌ها در حین ارزیابی فضاهای آسیب‌پذیر و پیش‌بینی میزان خطرات انسانی- بافتی در محیط‌های تاریخی نادیده گرفته‌شده‌است. بنابراین، مدیران و مسئولان باید به‌طور گسترده زمینه اجتماعی و نحوه استفاده انسان از فضا را بررسی کنند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آسیب اجتماعی؛ نحو فضا؛ چیدمان فضا؛ رشت | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluation of Socio-Spatial Vulnerability of Rasht's Historical Fabric Using Space Syntax Approach | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| mehrdad mehrjou1؛ Mehrnaz Molavi2 | ||
| 1Ph.D. Student in Urban Planning, Gilan University, Rasht, Iran | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, Department of Urban Planning, Gilan University, Rasht, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Cities, as places of population concentration and increased environmental and social loads, need to reduce vulnerability to human-induced hazards. A city is not merely a collection of buildings, but a human, social, cultural, economic, and physical phenomenon. This research aims to evaluate the socio-spatial vulnerability of historical buildings in the historical fabric of Rasht and examines the potential consequences in the spaces surrounding these buildings. To assess human hazards, the Delphi technique and the ICCROM-CCI-RCE method were used. Exploratory factor analysis and multiple linear regression (predictive models) were employed to analyze the output data from Space Syntax software. Ultimately, the findings of the predictive models revealed destructive socio-spatial human behaviors around historical buildings. Two factors, movement flow and visual access, were identified as spatial vulnerability factors extracted from exploratory factor analysis, and seven categories of contextual human hazards were identified. Variables such as visual connectivity, pedestrian movement, vehicle movement, and pedestrian movement within the movement flow have significant factor loadings compared to visual access. In the visual access factor, variables such as vehicle movement and Isovist areas have acceptable factor loadings. The research results clearly showed that the social fabric must be fully considered alongside the spatial fabric. Their interaction is often overlooked during the assessment of vulnerable spaces and the prediction of human-fabric hazards in historical environments. Therefore, managers and officials must comprehensively examine the social context and how humans use space | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Social Harm, Space Syntax, Space Configuration, Rasht | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Ghadiri, M., Eftekhari A. R., Shayan S. & Parhizkar, A. (2012). Explaining the socio-spatial concentration of Tehran city's vulnerability to earthquakes. Spatial Planning and Geomatics, 16 (3), 31-54. (In Persian) Ghadiri, M. and Roknodineftekhari, A. (2013). The Relation between Social Structure of Cities and Earthquake Vulnerability Case Study: Tehran City's Neighborhoods. Geography and Environmental Planning, 24(2), 153-174. (In Persian) https://dor.isc.ac/dor/20.1001.1.20085362.1392.24.2.12.9 Zanganeh Shahraki, S. , Shahsavari, M. S. and Amini Zadeh, A. (2019). Spatial assessment of factors affecting the social vulnerability of coastal cities (Case Study: cities of Bushehr province). Journal of Urban Social Geography, 6(2), 109-127. (In Persian) https://doi.org/10.22103/JUSG.2019.1994 Roustai, S. & Maboudi, M. T. (2015). Spatial analysis of urban social vulnerability to earthquakes using SVI Model (A case study of zone 2 Tabriz). Urban Structure and Function Studies, 3(11), 105-126. (In Persian) Jafari, F., Hatami, A. & Noori, S. (2017). The evolution of socio-physical vulnerability versus earthquake Case study: Counties of Ardabil Province. Quarterly Journals of Urban and Regional Development Planning, 1(2), 173-194. https://doi.org/10.22054/urdp.2020.11552 Agapiou, A., Lysandrou, V., Alexakis, D.D., Themistocleous, K., Cuca, B., Argyriou, A., Sarris, A. & Hadjimitsis, D.G. (2015). Cultural heritage management and monitoring using remote sensing data and GIS: the case study of Paphos area, Cyprus. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, 54, 230–239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2015.09.003 Alcaraz, T.A. (2011). Developing an Approach for Analysing the Possible Impact of Natural Hazards on Cultural Heritage: a Case Study in the Upper Svaneti Region of Georgia. Master's Thesis, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands. https://purl.utwente.nl/essays/92774 CCI and ICCROM, The ABC Method: a Risk Management Approach to the Preservation of Cultural Heritage, Canadian Conservation insitute, Ottawa, Canada, 2016. Çetin, M. (2015). Using GIS analysis to assess urban green space in terms of accessibility: case study in Kutahya. International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology, 22: 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504509.2015.1061066 Cetin, M. (2019). The effect of urban planning on urban formations determining bioclimatic comfort area's effect using satellitia imagines on air quality: a case study of Bursa city. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health, 12 (10), 1237–1249. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11869-019-00742-4 Çetin, M. (2020). Climate comfort depending on different altitudes and land use in the urban areas in Kahramanmaras City. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health, 13 (8), 991–999. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11869-020-00858-y Çetin, M., Agacsapan, B., Cabuk, S.N., Senyel Kurkcuoglu, M.A., Pekkan, O.I., Argun, E.B., Dabanlı, A., Kucukpehlivan, T., Yilmazel, B. & Cabuk, A. (2021). Assessment of the ecological footprint of Eskisehir technical University–Iki Eylul Campus. Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing, 49 (10), 2311–2327. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12524-021-01395-6 Çetin, M., Aksoy, T., Cabuk, S.N., Kurkcuoglu, M.A.S. & Cabuk, A. (2021). Employing remote sensing technique to monitor the influence of newly established universities in creating an urban development process on the respective cities. Land Use Policy, 109, 105705. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2021.105705 Cutter, S. (1996). Societal vulnerability to environmental hazards. Prog. Hum. Geogr. 20, 529–539. Cutter, S. L., Boruff, B. J. & Shirley, W. L. (2003). Social vulnerability to environmental hazards. Social Science Quarterly, 84. D'Amico, A. & Curra, E. (2014). Urban resilience and urban structure: vulnerability assessment of historical Italian towns, in: Proceedings ANDROID Residential Doctoral School, MediaCityUK, Salford Quays, Manchester. Eldiasty, A., Hegazi, Y. & El-Khouly, T. (2021). Using space syntax and TOPSIS to evaluate the conservation of urban heritage sites for possible UNESCO listing the case study of the historic centre of Rosetta, Egypt. Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 12(4), 4322-4245.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2021.04.017 Esen, S.Y. & Altinoz, A.G.B. (2018). Assessment of risks on a territorial scale for archaeological sites in İzmir. International Journal of Architectural Heritage, 12(6), 951-980. https://doi.org/10.1080/15583058.2017.1423133 Gerbing, D. & Hamilton, J.G. (1996). Viability of exploratory factor Analysis as a precursor to confirmatory factor Analysis, Struct. Equat. Model.-A Multidiscip. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 3, 62–72. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519609540030 Geurs, K.T. & Van Wee, B. (2004). Accessibility evaluation of land-use and transport strategies: review and research directions. Journal of Transport Geography, 12 (2), 127–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2003.10.005 Harvey, D. (1996). Justice, nature and the geography of difference. Oxford: Blackwell. Heinz Center for Science, Economics, and the Environment (2000). The hidden costs of coastal hazards: Implications for risk assessment and mitigation. Covello, Cal.: Island Press. Hillier, B. & Hanson, J. (1984). The Social Logic of Space, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Hillier, B. (1996). Space Is the Machine: A Configurational Theory of Architecture, Cambridge University Press. Lefebvre, H. (1991). The production of space, Donald Nicholson-Smith trans. Oxford: Basil Blackwell0-631-14048-4 (Originally published 1974). Lélé, S. (1991). Sustainable development a critical review. World development, 19(6), 607–621. https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-750X(91)90197-P Lewis, J. (1999). Development in disaster-prone places. Studies of vulnerability. London: Intermediate Technology Publication. Mavromatidis, L. E. & Mavromatidi, A. (2012). Re-inventing the ‘doubt’ of the ‘icon’: A virtual case study in a post-USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) country's capital. Urbani Izziv. 23(2): 79–92. Mavromatidis, L. E. (2012). The aesthetic value of socio-cultural identities and the cultural dimension of the landscape. Human geographies. Journal of Studies and Research in Human Geography, 6(2), 15–21. https://doi.org/10.5719/hgeo.2012.62.15 Mohareb, N. (2016). Searching for urban patterns an assessment of historic edges and its surrounding context: historic cairo as a case study. ArchNet-IJAR: International Journal of Architectural Research, 10, 67–86. Montello, D.R. (2007). The contribution of space syntax to a comprehensive theory of environmental psychology. Proceedings of the 6th International Space Syntax Symposium, Istanbul, Citeseer, 1–12. NoronhaVaz, E.D., Cabral, P., Caetano, M., Nijkamp, P. & Painho, M. (2012). Urban heritage endangerment at the interface of future cities and past heritage: A spatial vulnerability assessment. Habitat International, 36, 287-294. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2011.10.007 O'Keefe, P., Westgate, K. & Wisner, B. (1976). Taking the naturalness out of natural disasters. Nature, 260, 566–567. https://doi.org/10.1038/260566a0 Oliver-Smith, A. (2004). Theorizing vulnerability in a globalized world: A political ecologies perspective. In G. Bankoff, G. Frerks, & D. Hillhorst (Eds.). Mapping vulnerability: Disasters, development and people. London: Earthscan. Ortiz, P., Antunez, V., Martín, J.M., Ortiz, R., Vazquez, M.A. & Gal_an, E. (2014). Approach to environmental risk analysis for the main monuments in a historical city. Journal of Cultural Heritage, 15 (4), 432–440. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2013.07.009 Pauperio, E., Romao, X. & Costa, A. (2012). A methodology for the vulnerability assessment of heritage buildings and contents under catastrophic hazard, in: ICOMOS-ICORP International Symposium on Cultural Heritage Protection in Times of Risk: Challenges and Opportunities. Pizarro-Reyes, L., Díaz-Lazcano, V., Zumelzu, A. & Prieto, A. (2022). Resilience and sustainability assessment of cultural heritage and built environment: the Libertad pedestrian walkway in Valdivia. Chile. Journal of Cultural Heritage, 53, 154–164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2021.11.013 Selim, M.A., Abdel-Fattah, N.A. & Hegazi, Y.S. (2021). A composite index to measure smartness and competitiveness of heritage tourism destination and historic building. Sustainability, 13 (23), 13135. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132313135 Steinberg, T. (2000). Acts of god: The unnatural history of natural disaster in America. NewYork, USA: Oxford University Press. Thaheem, M. (2014). Project Risk Management for Sustainable Restoration of Immovable Cultural Heritage: Lesson from Construction Industry and Formulation of a Customised PRM Model, PhD, Porto institutional repository, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia, Politecnico di Torino. Turner, A. (2004). Depthmap 4 - a Researcher's Handbook, Bartlett School of Graduate Studies, London. UNESCO, Risk management at heritage sites, A Case Study of the Petra World Heritage Site, UNESCO, Paris, Aumman, 2012. UNESCO, W. (2020). Report of risk management in historic Cairo, in: Urban Regeneration Project for Historic Cairo, UNESCO -World Heritage Center, Cairo7.3, 2018–2020. UNISDR. (2009). URL: http://www.unisdr.org/files/7817_UNISDRTerminologyEnglish. pdf. Uyanık, G.K. & Güler, N. 2013). A study on multiple linear regression analysis. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 106, 234–240. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.12.027 Vannes, A. & Yamu, C. (2017). Space Syntax: a method to measure urban space related to social, economic and cognitive factors, in: The Virtual and the Real in Planning and Urban Design, Routledge, 136–150. Veillon, R. (2014). State of Conservation of World Heritage Properties. A Statistical Analysis, UNESCO World Heritage Centre, Paris. Watkins, M. (2018). Exploratory factor analysis: a guide to best practice. J. Black Psychol, 44 (3), 219–246. https://doi.org/10.1177/0095798418771807 Wisner, B., Blaikie, P., Cannon, T. & Davis, I. (2004). At risk: Natural hazards, people's vulnerability and disasters. London: Routledge. Yagoub, M.M. & Al Yammahi, A.A. (2022). Spatial distribution of natural hazards and their proximity to heritage sites: Case of the United Arab Emirates. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 71, 102827. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2022.102827 Yarnal, B. (2007). Vulnerability and all that jazz: Addressing vulnerability in new Orleans after hurricane Katrina. Technology in Society, 29, 249–255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2007.01.011 Yu, H. (2009). Space Syntax Analysis of Foshan Historic Areas in Contemporary Urban Transformation, Chinese University of Hong Kong. Zeren Cetin, I., Ozel, H.B. & Varol, T. (2020). Integrating of settlement area in urban and forest area of Bartin with climatic condition decision for managements. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health, 13 (8), 1013–1022. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11869-020-00871-1 | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 39 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 27 |
||