پیوندهای مفید
اخبار و اعلانات
آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 41 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 1,131 |
| تعداد مقالات | 9,681 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 17,631,583 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 12,305,683 |
شناسایی QTLهای مرتبط با جوانه زنی گندم در شرایط معمولی و تنش خشکی | ||
| فصلنامه علمی زیست فناوری گیاهان زراعی | ||
| مقاله 1، دوره 4، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 9، خرداد 1394، صفحه 1-14 اصل مقاله (423.49 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: علمی پژوهشی | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| معروف خلیلی* 1؛ سید ابوالقاسم محمدی2 | ||
| 1استادیار دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2استاد گروه اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| جوانهزنی بذر (ظرفیت، زمان، میزان و همزمانی) از خصوصیات بارز و مهم یک رقم زراعی توصیف میشوند. به منظور شناسایی نواحی ژنومی کنترلکننده صفات مرتبط با جوانهزنی دانه گندم، 149 لاین هاپلوئید و والدین آنها Rojo Yecora و No. 49 طی سال زراعی 93-1392 در قالب طرح آلفا لاتیس در دو شرایط عادی و تنش رطوبتی اجرا گردیدند. صفات ضریب سرعت جوانهزنی، درصد جوانهزنی نهایی، سرعت جوانهزنی، شاخص میزان جوانهزنی و متوسط جوانهزنی روزانه مورد اندازهگیری قرار گرفتند. در این بررسی، 340 جفت آغازگر ریزماهواره برای تعیین چند‌شکلی والدین استفاده گردید. همچنین از هفت آغازگر رتروترانسپوزونی مبتنی بر نواحی LTR رتروترانسپوزونهای جو و 28 ترکیب آنها در تکنیک IRAP و از ترکیب این آغازگر با آغازگرهای ISSR (63 ترکیب) در تکنیک REMAP برای غربال جمعیت استفاده شد. تجزیه QTL به روش نقشه یابی فاصلهای مرکب (CIM) برای هر صفت در هر محیط و میانگین دو محیط انجام گردید. برای همه صفات مورد مطالعه، تفکیک متجاوز مشاهده شد. در مجموع، 11 QTL برای صفات مورد مطالعه شناسایی گردید. واریانس فنوتیپی کل تبیینشده بوسیله این QTLها از82/11 تا 42/21 درصد متغیر بود (بیشترین مقدار LOD برایQTL کنترل کننده سرعت جوانه 65/6 LOD = روی کروموزوم 4B (Sg-Normal 4B) به‌دست آمد. نتایج نشان داد که QTLهای شاخص میزان جوانهزنی و سرعت جوانهزنی مربوط به کمیت و کیفیت جوانهزنی در هر دو شرایط از تظاهر خوبی برخوردار بودند. لذا از QTLهای پایدار و خوشهای شناسایی شده میتوان در برنامه گزینش به کمک نشانگر (MAS)، استفاده نمود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| QTL؛ شاخص‌های جوانهزنی؛ گندم | ||
| موضوعات | ||
| اصلاح نباتات مولکولی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Mapping QTLs associated with wheat seed germination under normal and drought stress conditions | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Marouf Khalili1؛ Seyed Abolghasem Mohammadi2 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor, Department of Agriculture, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 2Professor, Department of Plant Breeding, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Seed germination (capacity, time, and synchronization) is a manifest characteristic of the standard germination test of a cultivated variety. In order to identify genomic regions associated with seed germination, 149 bread wheat recombinant inbred lines and their parents RojoYecora and No. 49 were conducted in an alpha lattice design with two replications at the University of Mahabad during 2013-14, under normal and moisture stress conditions. Different traits including index of germination speed, final germination percentage, germination speed, germination rate, and average daily germination were measured. In this study, 340 pairs of microsatellite primers were used to determine the parental polymorphism. Furthermore, 7 retrotransposon-based markers on LTR regions of barely retrotransposons, and their twenty-eight combinations at IRAP technique, as well as, 63 combination of this primer with anchored ISSR primers at REMAP technique were used for population screening. QTL analysis using composite interval mapping (CIM) for each trait in each environment and mean of two environments were accomplished. For all studied traits, transgressive segregation was observed. In general, eleven QTLs were detected for all traits. Total phenotypic variance explained by these QTLs varied from 11.82 to 21.42 percent. The highest LOD value for QTL controlling germination speed (LOD =6.65) was obtained on chromosome 4BQSg-Normal. The results revealed that QTLs of index of germination rate and germination speed related to the quantity and quality of seed germination had desirable performance in all three environments. However, detected stable and cluster QTLs may be used in marker assisted selection (MAS) programs. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| QTL, germination indices, Wheat | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Abdel-Ghany HM, Nawar AA, Ibrahim ME, El-Shamarka A, Selim MM, Fahmi AI (2004) Using tissue culture to select for drought tolerance in bread wheat. Proceedings of the 4th International Crop Science Congress Brisbane, Australia, 26 Sep. -1 Oct.
Almudaris MA (1998) Notes on various parameters recording the speed of seed germination. DerTropenlandwirt. 99: 147-154.
Bayoumi TY, Eid MH, Metwali E M (2008) Application of physiological and biochemical indices as a screening technique for drought tolerance in wheat genotypes. Afric. J. Biotech. 7: 2341-2352.
Bettey M, Finch–Savage WE, King GJ Lynn JR (2000) Quantitative genetic analysis of seed vigor and pre-emergence seedling growth traits in Brassica oleracea. New Phytol., 148: 227-286.
Bewley JD, Black M (1994) Seeds–physiology of development and germination, 2nd Edn, Plenum Press, New York.
Cattivelli L, Reza F, Badeck FW, Mazzucotelli AM, Masterangelo E, Francia C, Tondelli A, Stanca, (2008) Drought tolerance improvement in crop plants: An integrated view from breeding to genomics. Field Crop Research, 105: 1-14.
Collard BCY, Jahufer MZZ, Brouwer JB, Pang ECK (2005) An introduction to markers, quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping and marker-assisted selection for crop improvement: the basic concepts. Euphytica, 142: 169–196
Contreras S, Barros M (2005) Vigor tests on lettuce seeds and their correlation with emergence, Cien. Inv. Agr., 32(1): 3-10.
Cooper M, Eeuwijk FAV, Hamme GL, Podlich DW, Messina C (2009) Modeling QTL for complex traits: detection and context for plant breeding. Plant Biology, 12: 231-240.
De F, Kar R K (1994) Seed germination and seeding growth of mung been under water stress induced by PEG 6000. Seed seince and technology 23. 301-304.
Ehdaie B, Waines JG (1989) Genetic variation, heritability and path analysis in land races of bread wheat from South Western Iran. Euphytica, 41: 183-190.
Emebiri L, Michael P, Moody DB, Ogbonnaya FC, and Black C (2009) Pyramiding QTLs to improve malting quality in barley: gains in phenotype and genetic diversity. Molecular Breeding, 23: 219-228.
Falconer, D.S., and Mackay, T.F.C. 1996. Introductions to quantitative genetics. Longman, Essex. UK.
FAO. 2013. FAOSTAT, http://faostat.fao.org/site/
Ilona Czyczyło-Mysza, I, Izabela Marcińska I, Edyta Skrzypek S, Cyganek K, Juzoń1, K, Karbarz M (2014) QTL mapping for germination of seeds obtained from previous wheat generation under drought. Central European Journal of Biology. 9(4): 374-382.
Jajermi M (2013) Effect of drought stress on germination indices in seven wheat cultivars (T. aestivum L.). Agronomy and plant breeding magazine. 8(4): 183-192. (in Persia).
Korff M, Wang H, Le´on J, and Pillen K (2008) AB-QTL analysis in spring barley: III. Identification of exotic alleles for the improvement of malting quality. Molecular Breeding, 21: 81-93.
Landjeva S, Lohwasser U, Bo¨rner A (2010) Genetic mapping within the wheat D genome reveals QTL for germination, seed vigour and longevity, and early seedling growth. Euphytica, 171: 129-143.
Lewak, S. 1998. Seeds’ germination , In: Kopcewicz J., Lewak S. (Eds). Plant Physiology ,1st ed., PWN, Warszawa.
Nezhad KZ, Weber WE, Roder MS, Sharma S, Lohwasser U, Meyer RC, Saal B, Borner A (2012) QTL analysis for thousand-grain weight under terminal drought stress in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Euphytica, 186: 127-138.
Orf JH, Chase K, Jarvik T, Mansur L M, Cregan PB, Adler FR, Lark KG (1999) Genetics of soybean agronomic traits: I, Comparison of three related recombinant inbred populations. Crop Science, 39: 1642-1651.
Paulsen G M (1987) Wheat stand establishment. wheat and wheat important American sSoc. Agron., USA.
Pessaraki M (1996) Plant and crop stress. Handbook, Marcel deckker, New York
Rauf M, Munir M, Ul-Hassan M, Ahmed M, Afzai M (2007) Performance of wheat genotypes under osmotic stress at germination and early seedling growth stage. Afric. J. Biotech. 8: 971-975.
Ribaut J, Ragot M (2007) Marker-assisted selection to improve drought adaptation in maize: the backcross approach, perspectives, limitations, and alternatives. Journal of Experimental Botany, 58: 351-360.
Shahbazi H, Bihamta MR, Taeb M, Darvish F (2011) Inheritance of seed germination related traits for drought tolerance in bread wheat cultivars. Iranian agronomy science, 12 (1): 199-212.
Trethowan RM, Reynolds M (2007) Drought resistance: Genetic approaches for improving productivity under stress. In: Buck H.R. et al. (eds): Wheat production in stressed environments, 289-299, Springer Pub., the Netherlands
Ullrich SE, lee H, Clancy JA, Del blanco IA, Jitkov VA, Kleinhofs A, Han F, Prada D, Romagosa I, Mplina-cano JL (2009) Genetic relationships between pre-harvest sprouting and dormancy in barley. Euphytica, 168: 331-345.
Wang LF, Ge HM, Hao CY, Dong YS, Zhang XY (2012) Identifying loci influencing 1,000-kernel weight in wheat by microsatellite screening for evidence of selection during breeding. Plos One 7.
Wang S, Basten CJ, Zeng ZB (2007) Windows QTL cartographer 2.5. Department of Statistics, North Carolina State University, Raleig, NC. (Available at http:// statgen. Ncsu.edu/qtlcart/wQTL.htm/).
Zhang ZH, Yu SB, Yu T (2005) Mapping quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for seedling-vigor using recombinant inbred lines of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Field Crop Res. 91(2-3): 161–170
Zhang X, Westcott S, Panozzo J, Cakir M, Harasymow S, Tarr A, Broughton S, Lance R, Li C (2011) Comparative analysis of Australian and Canadian barleys for seed dormancy and malting quality. Euphytica, 1: 1-9. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 2,851 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 1,961 |
||