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تأثیر فاکتورهای محیطی بر انتخاب مناطق مطلوب زادآوری مرال Cervus elaphus maral در استان مازندران | ||
فصلنامه علمی زیست شناسی جانوری تجربی | ||
دوره 10، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 39، بهمن 1400، صفحه 53-61 اصل مقاله (694.54 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30473/eab.2021.57515.1815 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
هانیه فقیهی1؛ باقر نظامی بلوچی* 2، 3؛ بهمن شمس شمس اسفندآباد4؛ رحمان اسحاقی5؛ مهدی کیا حیرتی5؛ سعید قمی5 | ||
1کارشناس ارشد، ارزیابی و آمایش سرزمین، دانشکده محیط زیست، سازمان حفاظت محیط زیست، کرج، ایران | ||
2دانشیار، دانشکده محیط زیست، سازمان حفاظت محیط زیست، کرج، ایران | ||
3گروه تنوع زیستی و ایمنی زیستی، پژوهشکده محیط زیست و توسعه پایدار، سازمان حفاظت محیط زیست، تهران، ایران | ||
4استادیار، گروه محیط زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اراک، اراک، ایران | ||
5محیطبان منطقه حفاظتشده البرز مرکزی، استان مازندران، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
مرال بزرگترین گوزن بومی ایران است. با اینکه این گونه در گذشتههای نه چندان دور از جمعیت نسبتا خوبی برخوردار بود، اما امروزه پراکندگی آن تنها به برخی محدوههای امن مناطق تحت حفاظت محدود میشود. از مهمترین عوامل مؤثر در کاهش جمعیت این گونه، تخریب و نابودی زیستگاهها و شکار گونه است که به شدت متاثر از فعالیتهای انسانی هستند. لذا مدلسازی مطلوبیت زیستگاه زادآوری مرال در بین زیستگاههای مطلوب باقیمانده، میتواند در حفاظت و مدیریت جمعیتهای مرال مؤثر واقع شود. محدوده امن البرز مرکزی مهمترین منطقه و امنترین زیستگاه زادآوری مرال در کشور است. در این پژوهش مطلوبیت زیستگاه مناطق زادآوری مرال با روش تحلیل آشیان بومشناختی بررسی شد. نتایج روش تحلیل آشیان بوم شناختی با مقادیر 3/1 کنارگی و ویژهگرایی بالا (5/5) نشان دهنده مناطقی است که شیب و ارتفاع بالاتر از میانگین زیستگاه داشته و لذا تحملپذیری کمی دارند. بر اساس نتایج امنیت زیستگاه یک عامل مهم برای حفظ گونه مرال در برابر خطرات است. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
تحلیل عاملی آشیان بومشناختی؛ مطلوبیت زیستگاه زادآوری؛ منطقه حفاظت شده البرز مرکزی؛ امنیت زیستگاه | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
The Effect of Environmental Factors on the Selection of Suitable Breeding Areas of Red Deer Cervus elaphus maral in Mazandaran Province | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
Hanie Faghihi1؛ Bagher Nezami2، 3؛ Bahman Shams-Esfandabad4؛ Rahman Eshaghi5؛ Mehdi Kia Heyrati5؛ Said Ghomi5 | ||
1M.A. of Land Use Planning, College of Environment, Department of Environment, Karaj, Iran | ||
2Associate Professor, Department of Natural Environment and Biodiversity, College of Environment, Karaj, Iran|Research Group of Biodiversity and Biosafety, Research Center for Environment and Sustainable Development (RCESD), Department of the Environment, Tehran, Iran | ||
3Associate Professor, Department of Natural Environment and Biodiversity, College of Environment, Karaj, Iran|Research Group of Biodiversity and Biosafety, Research Center for Environment and Sustainable Development (RCESD), Department of the Environment, Tehran, Iran | ||
4Assistant Professor, Department of Environment, Arak Branch, Islamic azad University, Arak, Iran | ||
5Game Guard, Department of Environment, Mazandaran Province, Iran | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
Red Deer is the largest native deer in Iran. The species distribution is restricted to only some core zones of protected areas of the country. The most important factors in the decline of the population of the species are the destruction and fragmentation of its habitat, overhunting, and poaching which are strongly influenced by human activities. Therefore, modeling and identifying breeding habitats in the remaining suitable areas can help conservation managers to protect the remaining populations of this species. The core zone of the Central Alborz Protected Area is the most important core area for breeding Red Deer. In this study, we investigated the species habitat selection by the ecological niche factor analysis method. The results in the ENFA method with values of 1.3 marginalities and specialty 5.5 indicate habitat areas with higher slopes and dem than the average which has low tolerability, are preferred by the species. Accordingly, it can be concluded that the protection of the region is an important factor to conserve the species. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Breeding habitats, Central Alborz Protected Area, ENFA, habitat protection | ||
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